Notice of the General Office of the People’s Government of Yunnan Province on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan of Adjusting the Structure of Chemical Industry in Yunnan Province to Pr

State and municipal people’s governments, provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

  "Yunnan chemical industry restructuring to promote transformation and increase efficiency implementation plan" has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

 

 

General Office of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

February 15, 2017

 

  (This piece is publicly released)

 

Adjusting the structure of chemical industry in Yunnan Province to promote transformation and increase efficiency

embodiment

In order to implement the spirit of Guiding Opinions of General Office of the State Council on Restructuring Petrochemical Industry to Promote Transformation and Increase Efficiency (Guo Ban Fa [2016] No.57), promote the transformation and upgrading of chemical industry in our province, improve quality and increase efficiency, and combine with the actual situation in our province, this plan is formulated.

I. General requirements

(A) the overall thinking

Conscientiously implement the State Council’s decision-making and deployment, firmly establish the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing in accordance with the "five in one" overall layout and "four comprehensive" strategic layout, deepen the supply-side structural reform, actively explore the market, adhere to innovation-driven, improve the development environment, focus on removing production capacity, reducing consumption and emissions, filling shortcomings, adjusting layout, promoting safety, and promoting the chemical industry to improve quality and efficiency.

(2) Basic principles

Adhere to the combination of enterprise subject and government guidance. Strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in the market, guide enterprises to reduce costs and increase efficiency, and improve their competitiveness. Actively play the role of government regulation and guidance, improve the relevant laws, regulations, policies and standards system, safeguard a fair market environment according to law, and stimulate the vitality and creativity of enterprises.

Adhere to the combination of increasing supply and expanding demand. Accelerate the implementation of technological transformation, improve the quality of traditional products, vigorously develop high-end products, and enhance the effective supply capacity of the market. Actively explore international and domestic markets, constantly broaden the application fields of traditional products, and accelerate the application demonstration of new products.

Adhere to the combination of basing on the present and focusing on the long term. Strictly control the newly added excess capacity, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity, and improve the level of green and safe development. Coordinate resources, environment, land and other factors, optimize and adjust the industrial layout, and vigorously promote the transformation of development mode.

Adhere to the combination of adjusting the stock and increasing the quality. Transform and upgrade traditional industries, promote mergers and acquisitions of enterprises, and consolidate existing competitive advantages. Vigorously develop new chemical materials, develop special equipment manufacturing and related producer services, and cultivate new economic growth points.

(III) Objectives and tasks

The production capacity structure is gradually optimized. Accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity with backward technology, big safety hazards and serious environmental pollution, and effectively resolve the contradiction of overcapacity. The support capacity of basic raw materials such as olefins and aromatics has been significantly enhanced, the self-sufficiency rate of high-end products such as new chemical materials has been significantly improved, and the quality of industrial development and core competitiveness have been further improved.

The industrial layout tends to be reasonable. We will comprehensively start the relocation or shutdown of hazardous chemicals production enterprises in densely populated urban areas and environmentally sensitive areas. All newly-built refining and chemical projects have entered the petrochemical base, and all newly-built chemical projects have entered the chemical park, forming a number of large enterprise groups and chemical parks with international competitiveness.

Green development has been comprehensively promoted. The energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value in petrochemical industry decreased by 8%, 10% and 14% respectively compared with the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan. The discharge of main pollutants of enterprises meets the requirements of pollutant discharge standards for petroleum refining industry, petrochemical industry, synthetic resin industry and inorganic chemical industry.

The ability to innovate has been significantly enhanced. The investment in scientific research accounts for no less than 1.2% of the main business income of the whole industry. With the improvement of collaborative innovation system, Industry-University-Research has broken through a number of key common technologies, developed a number of major complete sets of equipment and core components, built a number of comprehensive service-oriented R&D platforms, and cultivated an innovative talent team with exquisite business and reasonable structure.

Second, the key work

(1) Control the scale of production capacity reasonably. Strictly control the new production capacity of urea, ammonium phosphate, calcium carbide, coke, yellow phosphorus, caustic soda, soda ash, polyvinyl chloride and other industries, limit the construction of single wet-process commercial phosphoric acid, high-concentration phosphorus compound fertilizer (including monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and heavy calcium carbonate), sulfuric acid production from pyrite and feed-grade calcium hydrogen phosphate products based on the mining and selection of phosphate rock resources, and prohibit the construction of pesticide production devices with high toxicity and residue and great environmental impact. Newly established phosphate mining rights projects (except those with exploration rights converted to mining rights) require clear opinions from the industrial and information departments. New construction, renovation and expansion of petrochemical and chemical projects must conform to the national industrial policies and relevant industry access conditions (specifications), and relevant states, cities and departments shall not handle the business of project land supply, energy evaluation, environmental assessment and new credit in violation of regulations. By 2020, the production capacity of calcium carbide, coke, yellow phosphorus, phosphorus compound fertilizer and other industries in the province will be guaranteed to grow at zero.(Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Department of Land and Resources, Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Commerce, Industry and Commerce Bureau, Safety Supervision Bureau, Finance Office, Energy Bureau, China Merchants Cooperation Bureau, Yunnan Banking Regulatory Bureau, and the people’s governments at the state and municipal levels are respectively responsible)

(2) Accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. According to the relevant provisions of the state and industry access (standard) conditions, the backward technology and equipment and production capacity will be completely eliminated. Before the end of 2018, calcium carbide furnaces and open calcium carbide furnaces with a single furnace capacity of less than 12,500 KVA will be eliminated according to laws and regulations, coke ovens with a carbonization chamber height of less than 4.3 meters (except for stamped coke ovens with a height of 3.8 meters or more) and single coking production facilities without chemical recovery, a single sulphuric acid plant with a capacity of less than 100,000 tons/year from pyrite and sulphur, a single yellow phosphorus production plant with a capacity of less than 5,000 tons/year and unqualified access conditions, and calcium roasting chromium. Production lines of feed calcium hydrogen phosphate below 30,000 tons/year, compound fertilizer below 50,000 tons/year, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer below 20,000 tons/year, calcium superphosphate below 200,000 tons/year and calcium magnesium phosphate below 100,000 tons/year.(State and municipal people’s governments, the Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, the Environmental Protection Department and the Safety Supervision Bureau are respectively responsible)

(3) Properly dispose of inefficient production capacity. Strengthen the supervision and enforcement of energy conservation, environmental protection, safety and quality, and comprehensively apply laws, regulations and relevant standards to force production devices with poor management level, backward technical level and unstable product quality to withdraw from the market. For enterprises whose technology and equipment conform to the national industrial policy, but their production capacity is relatively surplus, their management level is low, their economic benefits are poor, and their losses and liabilities are serious, according to the requirements of supply-side structural reform, they will be guided to carry out production conversion or restructuring, and a development model of upstream and downstream coordination and resource sharing will be formed, so as to enhance their production, operation and management level, scale benefits and market competitiveness.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Environmental Protection Department, Safety Supervision Bureau, Quality Supervision Bureau and Industry and Commerce Bureau are respectively responsible)

(4) Transforming and upgrading traditional industries. Encourage the development of low-grade phosphate rock resource flotation matching with phosphate mining, adopt new technology to purify and classify wet commercial phosphoric acid, use commercial phosphoric acid to produce fine phosphate products, and use yellow phosphorus as raw material for in-situ deep processing projects, and guide the development of mixed (combined) fertilizer, special fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer or phosphating chemical products with phosphate fertilizer or other phosphating products as raw materials, and comprehensive utilization of resources with solid waste or tail gas as raw materials. The advanced technologies such as clean production and intelligent control are used to upgrade and upgrade the ammonia and urea production facilities of more than 100,000 tons/year, the internal combustion calcium carbide furnace of 16,500 KVA and above, and the yellow phosphorus production facilities of 20,000 KVA and above, and the compound (combined) fertilizers of 50,000 tons/year and above, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers of 20,000 tons/year and above, calcium superphosphate of 200,000 tons/year and above, and 100,000 tons. Accelerate the development of high-quality potash fertilizer, special fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, agricultural trace element fertilizer and new varieties of efficient and environmentally-friendly pesticides.(Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission and Science and Technology Department are respectively responsible)

(5) Steady development of petrochemical industry. Efforts will be made to promote the smooth delivery of China Petroleum’s 13 million tons/year refining project in Yunnan, and actively strive to plan and construct the second phase of refining and chemical integration project. Increase the resources of trienes (ethylene, propylene, butadiene) and triphenyls (benzene, toluene and xylene) to provide essential support for the development of petrochemical industry in our province. Promote the comprehensive utilization of refinery by-products, realize the maximum local processing and local value-added, and ensure the comprehensive benefits of polypropylene and isooctane projects as soon as possible. By attracting investment, we will speed up the utilization of the by-product surplus resources of oil refining projects, and plan to build a number of petrochemical deep processing projects such as styrene, polystyrene and polymethoxydimethyl ether.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Department of Commerce, Energy Bureau, Kunming Municipal People’s Government, and Central Yunnan New Area Management Committee are responsible for each other)

(6) Vigorously develop high-end chemical products. Increase research and development in downstream application fields, vigorously develop new chemical materials such as special synthetic rubber, engineering plastics, high-performance fibers, fluorosilicone materials, degradable materials, functional membrane materials, functional polymer materials and composite materials, and pay attention to the development of new special chemicals with high performance, environmental friendliness and intrinsic safety, such as electronic chemicals, food additives, feed additives, water treatment chemicals and environmentally-friendly plastic additives. Accelerate the development of deep-processed products with high technology content, market demand and high added value in the fields of biochemistry, energy conservation, environmental protection and clean energy.(Provincial Science and Technology Department, Industry and Information Technology Commission and Development and Reform Commission are respectively responsible)

(7) Strengthen the planning of chemical parks. Combined with the overall development planning of urban and rural areas, the establishment of chemical parks is standardized by comprehensively considering factors such as resource supply, environmental capacity, safety guarantee and industrial base. The newly-built chemical park should fully keep a safe distance from the future expansion and development of surrounding towns. The establishment of the park and the industrial development plan of the park should be demonstrated by experts and examined and approved by the relevant departments of the provincial industry and information technology commission. Chemical industry park should be based on the direction of eco-industrial park construction, and promote green chemistry and green chemical industry development model.(State and municipal people’s governments, the Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, the Environmental Protection Department and the Safety Supervision Bureau are respectively responsible)

(eight) promote the relocation of hazardous chemicals enterprises in an orderly manner. Strengthen the responsibility system for safe production, explore the construction of a full-course traceability system for high-risk hazardous chemicals, and implement the relocation and transformation of hazardous chemicals production enterprises. Strengthen the safety and health protection distance and planning environmental impact assessment constraints, the chemical parks that do not meet the requirements should be forced to rectify or withdraw, the storage projects of chemical products that do not meet the requirements should be closed and withdrawn, and the relocation and transformation of hazardous chemical production enterprises and new chemical projects must enter the standardized chemical parks. Improve the monitoring, fire fighting, emergency and other system platforms in chemical parks, promote information sharing, and lay a solid foundation for safe production.(Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Safety Supervision Bureau, and Provincial Public Security Fire Brigade are respectively responsible)

(9) Overall planning and optimization of industrial layout. Relying on the China-Myanmar oil and gas pipeline, and in accordance with the idea of "industrial park, refining and chemical integration, large-scale equipment, clean production and high-end products", we will fully promote the construction of 13 million tons/year oil refining project of China Petroleum Yunnan in Anning Industrial Park, actively develop the downstream fine chemical industry with high technology content and high added value, and promote the scientific and rational development of petrochemical industry. Relying on the industrial bases of industrial parks such as Jinning, Anning and Haikou, supporting the graded utilization of phosphate rock resources, extending the existing industrial chain, and developing fine and special phosphorus chemical products such as pharmaceutical grade and electronic grade; Choose a park suitable for the development of natural gas chemical industry and coal chemical industry, take scientific and technological innovation as the driving force, aim at extending the industrial chain to fine development, focus on the development of deep processing and fine processing products, effectively reduce the production capacity of traditional products and accelerate the transformation of traditional chemical industry. On the basis of improving the existing demonstration projects, clean water and carbon dioxide emissions, the modern coal chemical industry will be developed in a moderate and orderly manner with high starting point planning and high standard construction in conditional States and cities.(Provincial Industry and Information Technology Commission, Development and Reform Commission, Environmental Protection Department, Safety Supervision Bureau and Coal Industry Bureau are respectively responsible)

(10) Improve the innovation system. Improve the market-led, enterprise-oriented collaborative innovation system for government and Industry-University-Research, and form a number of strategic alliances for technological innovation. Integrate R&D platforms such as technology centers, engineering research centers, key laboratories and engineering laboratories, increase personnel training and introduction, and accelerate scientific research and development and transformation of achievements. Focusing on high-end demand, we will focus on the research and development of new chemical materials such as flame retardant materials, high-performance resins, special synthetic rubber, high-performance fibers, carbon fibers, polyformaldehyde, functional membrane materials, electronic chemicals, etc., and establish an industrial alliance on new materials to enhance the technical support and core technology and intellectual property protection capabilities of new materials.(Provincial Science and Technology Department, Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission are respectively responsible)

(eleven) to encourage technological innovation and the application of advanced and applicable technologies. Support the construction of organic-inorganic metal salt chemical products, comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, refractory mineral processing and utilization of medium and low-grade ore tailings, research and development of high-efficiency phosphoric acid production process and comprehensive utilization of energy, and extension of traditional industrial chain industrialization projects. Advanced process control (APC) systems will be built in key areas such as refining, coal chemical industry, synthetic ammonia, chemical fertilizer, yellow phosphorus, calcium carbide, pesticide and chlor-alkali to further improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Encourage qualified enterprises to speed up the development of three-dimensional digital technology and production process simulation technology, and realize the safety visualization management of the whole process and key links of factory production. Comprehensive use of Internet of Things, big data and other modern information technologies to promote the construction of intelligent refining and chemical plants with high automation, digitization, visualization, modeling and integration. Configure enterprise resource planning (ERP), manufacturing execution (MES), advanced process control (APC) and other management and production information systems, establish a real-time data platform, centrally integrate all production and operation management information systems, realize advanced control and online optimization based on models in key production links, and improve the ability of prediction, early warning, dynamic analysis and auxiliary decision-making. Build an integrated intelligent management system for resources and energy, realize real-time monitoring, automatic analysis, online optimal scheduling and forecast improvement of resources and energy consumption, and improve the level of energy saving, consumption reduction and emission reduction.(Provincial Commission of Industry and Information Technology, Development and Reform Commission and Science and Technology Department are respectively responsible)

(twelve) to promote the merger and reorganization of enterprises. We will implement fiscal, taxation, finance, land, employee placement and other support policies, encourage the chemical industry to carry out vertical and horizontal mergers and acquisitions in various forms such as equity participation, holding, mergers and acquisitions, and joint ventures, break down institutional and institutional obstacles in cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and acquisitions, and create a fair market environment for enterprise mergers and acquisitions. Deepen contract management, focus on promoting the merger and reorganization of traditional chemical enterprises such as fertilizer, yellow phosphorus and coking, optimize the allocation of capital, technology and talents, integrate production factors and resources, optimize the allocation of resources, promote the concentration of high-quality resources to advantageous enterprises, realize complementary advantages, promote the cultivation of key enterprises into large-scale and intensive enterprise groups, enhance industrial concentration and competitiveness, and form a number of large enterprise groups with international competitiveness.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Department of Finance, Department of Human Resources and Social Security, Department of Land and Resources, Department of Commerce, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Administration for Industry and Commerce, Kunming Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, Yunnan Banking Regulatory Bureau and Yunnan Securities Regulatory Bureau, and the people’s governments at the state and municipal levels are respectively responsible)

(13) Strengthen international capacity cooperation. We will implement the autonomy of enterprises in overseas investment, actively promote international capacity cooperation in advantageous industries such as coal chemical industry, tires, fertilizers, chlor-alkali and inorganic salts, build overseas chemical industrial parks, promote chain transfer and intensive development, and drive relevant technical equipment and engineering services to "go global". Encourage key enterprises to obtain a batch of new chemical materials and high-end special chemicals production technology through investment, mergers and acquisitions, restructuring, etc., strengthen technical digestion and promote domestic industrial upgrading. Encourage foreign capital to participate in the merger and reorganization of domestic enterprises, support large chemical enterprises to carry out transnational operations, and make risk response plans in advance.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Department of Commerce, Foreign Affairs Office, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Energy Bureau, and the people’s governments at the state and municipal levels are respectively responsible)

(14) Adhere to safe and green development. Actively carry out high safety environmental risk chemicals (flammable, explosive, highly toxic, highly carcinogenic, highly disabling, etc.) substitution projects, implement safety technology transformation, eliminate potential safety hazards, improve intrinsic safety, and optimize the product structure of dangerous chemicals. Accelerate the development and application of cleaner production technology, increase the prevention and control of key pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and high-concentration refractory sewage, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of industrial "three wastes". Accelerate the research and development, industrialization and large-scale development of biological pesticides and high-efficiency new fertilizers, moderately develop low-residue chemical synthetic pesticides focusing on resource recycling and industrial chain extension, and explore the research and development and promotion of agricultural (pharmaceutical) fertilizers. Carry out green factory demonstration activities, implement the "leader" system of energy efficiency, and improve the energy-saving standard system.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Department, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Environmental Protection Department and Safety Supervision Bureau are respectively responsible)

Third, safeguard measures

(1) Intensify the implementation of industrial policies. We will conscientiously implement the industrial access conditions or norms adjusted by the state in a timely manner, the conditions of key industries and product specifications, and the Petrochemical Industry Planning and Layout Plan, further improve industrial policies such as land and electricity consumption, and control new, modified (expanded) chemical projects from the source. In accordance with the requirements of deepening the tax reform, we will study and formulate ad valorem and preferential policies and measures for chemical mineral resources tax, clean up and standardize relevant fee funds, improve relevant preferential policies and implementation measures, and further enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises for production.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Department of Land and Resources, Local Taxation Bureau, Energy Bureau and Yunnan Power Grid Corporation are respectively responsible)

(2) Effectively reduce the electricity cost of enterprises. Earnestly do a good job in electricity market trading, actively encourage enterprises that meet the requirements of industrial policies and environmental protection to carry out electricity market trading, restrict enterprises that do not meet the access conditions of industry norms to participate in electricity market trading, and force inefficient production capacity to withdraw. Improve the establishment of a relatively independent, open and enterprise-oriented power trading center, gradually build a power market system with complete trading varieties and relatively perfect functions, improve the fairness and rationality of market competition, and realize reasonable pricing of electricity through marketization. Accelerate the reform of the electricity-selling side market, cultivate market players in multiple ways, and reduce the cost of electricity for enterprises. On the premise of equivalent or reduced capacity replacement, in areas rich in hydropower resources, explore the pilot construction of local power grid to absorb surplus hydropower.(Provincial Energy Bureau, Price Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation is responsible)

(3) Give play to the role of fiscal and taxation regulation. Make use of the existing special funds and the central financial science and technology plan (special projects, funds, etc.) to increase support for the technological transformation of the chemical industry, the development of high-end products, green and safe production, the pilot of intelligent manufacturing, the comprehensive utilization technology of phosphogypsum, the relocation of hazardous chemical production enterprises, the construction of public service platforms and scientific and technological research and development. We will fully implement the national tax reduction and burden reduction and the relevant supporting policies of our province, actively strive for preferential policies such as exemption from import tariffs and export tax rebates for high-tech enterprises to import advanced technology and equipment and export independent research and development technology and equipment, and accelerate the implementation of relevant tax preferential policies for R&D expenses plus deduction. Give full play to the guiding role of special funds for industrial transformation and development and special construction funds and green credit from all levels of finance, and give key support to products, technology research and development and industrialization projects with advanced demonstration and leading role, major deep finishing, technology introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation, and the need for major breakthroughs in extending the industrial chain.(Provincial Department of Finance, Local Taxation Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Department of Land and Resources, Department of Commerce, Department of Science and Technology, Provincial State Taxation Bureau and Kunming Customs are responsible)

(4) Implementing financial support policies. We will implement a supportive and controlled credit policy, establish an industry-finance information docking mechanism, and guide financial institutions to focus on supporting key enterprises that meet industry norms, environmental protection and production safety standards, and have market prospects and benefits. Encourage financial institutions and enterprises to negotiate independently and properly solve the financial debt problems in mergers and acquisitions and capacity withdrawal. Increase the expansion of direct financing channels and support key enterprises in the chemical industry to carry out equity financing in the capital market. Give priority to supporting enterprises that have completed listing counseling to speed up the pace of raising funds by issuing shares on the main board, small and medium-sized board or growth enterprise market, and increase the cultivation of listing financing in the "new third board" and "fourth board" markets. Encourage enterprises to securitize assets such as land and factory buildings or use financial leasing and financial leasing for sale and leaseback, so as to revitalize existing resources. Encourage financial institutions to carry out financing business under trade financing, export credit and export credit insurance policies, and support enterprises to export.(Kunming Central Branch of the People’s Bank of China, Yunnan Banking Regulatory Bureau, Yunnan Securities Regulatory Bureau, Yunnan Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Finance Office, and Industry and Information Technology Commission are responsible)

(5) Rational use of land policy. The state-owned land involved in withdrawing from the enterprise can be handed over to the government to recover its reserves or handled by the enterprise itself. Withdrawing from the original use of the allocated land use right of the enterprise involves the transfer, and after approval, the land use formalities can be handled in accordance with the agreed transfer method. On the premise of meeting the conditions of urban and rural planning and transfer, the land use right can be transferred by division. The land transfer income recovered by the government, disposed and transferred by the enterprise itself can be given priority to the resettlement of employees who have withdrawn from the enterprise. Encourage industrial enterprises to use their own industrial land to set up self-operated productive service industries to promote the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, which have been approved according to law.Yes, industrial enterprises that improve the volume ratio of their own industrial land for self-supporting producer services can go through relevant procedures in accordance with new uses.(State and municipal people’s governments, the Provincial Department of Land and Resources and the Department of Finance are respectively responsible)

(6) Strengthen the whole-process supervision of the industry. Organize the notification of resources and energy consumption in the chemical industry, and implement measures such as yellow card warning, energy-saving supervision and ladder electricity price for enterprises that exceed the standard, forcing enterprises to upgrade or withdraw from the market. Organize the implementation of access announcement and daily supervision, and take restrictive measures to guide enterprises that do not meet the conditions of access announcement or cannot maintain the conditions of announcement after access announcement to upgrade. Implement the main responsibility of enterprise safety production, strictly implement the "three simultaneities" system of hazardous chemicals registration management and construction projects, and order enterprises that do not meet the conditions for safety production to stop production for rectification, close down and withdraw. Intensify law enforcement inspections on safety, environmental protection, quality and energy conservation, and strengthen online monitoring and networked management of pollutants. Severely crack down on shoddy, fake and shoddy, tax evasion and other illegal acts to maintain a fair market environment. We will build a monitoring and early warning system suitable for the chemical industry’s capacity and utilization rate, improve the capacity investigation and data collection system, and build an early warning platform for the chemical industry’s capacity and an exit mechanism for backward capacity.(Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Industry and Information Technology Commission, Environmental Protection Department, Quality Supervision Bureau, Safety Supervision Bureau and Energy Bureau are respectively responsible)

(7) Give play to the role of trade associations. Give play to the association’s role of being familiar with the industry and close to the enterprise, strengthen the research on key common technologies in the industry, improve the rules and regulations, support enterprises to promote mergers and acquisitions, promote enterprises to take the initiative to reduce production capacity, help enterprises to strengthen management improvement, and guide enterprises to abide by laws and regulations, standardize operations, be honest and trustworthy, and compete fairly. Build a bridge between the government and enterprises, sum up and popularize advanced experience, timely reflect the demands of enterprises, feedback the implementation of policies, and put forward relevant policy suggestions to boost the structural adjustment of the chemical industry in the province, promote transformation and increase efficiency.(Provincial Industry and Information Technology Commission, the relevant industry associations are responsible for)

Minmetals Securities: BYD launches Eye-of-God Intelligent Driving Technology to help popularize low-priced vehicles.

  February 18, event description

  As the world’s largest sales volumeAutomobile enterprises, early 2024Put forward the "oil-electricity parity", and launched the DM5.0 hybrid system in May to quickly seize the traditional fuel vehicle market. On February 10, 2025, the concept of "equal rights for intelligent driving" was put forward again, and the intelligent driving technology of "Eye of the God" was launched, and the NoA technology of high-speed (high-speed and urban expressway) was decentralized to 70,000-yuan-class vehicles at the minimum, so as to promote the popularization and cognition of intelligent driving technology.

  MinmetalsPublished a research report saying:

  "Eye of the God" C’s pure vision solution will reduce the NoA hardware cost to less than 4,000 yuan. 12 camera +5 millimeter wave radar +12 ultrasonic radar with OrinN or domestic supplier Horizon andThe cost of the hardware scheme of the chip will be reduced to less than 4,000 yuan, which greatly reduces the threshold for vehicle mounting. In contrast, in 2020,P7, the explosive model, paid more than 10,000 yuan in hardware cost to achieve similar capability at that time.

  "Erlangshen" three-eye camera cooperates with the occupied network to greatly improve the reliability of high-speed NoA with limited resources. The difference of this three-eye camera scheme is that it does not adopt the combination of common short, medium and long-focus cameras, but adopts the scheme of double wide-angle binocular cameras and long-focus cameras. By using the principle of binocular ranging similar to human eyes, the network is occupied, which greatly reduces the dependence of perception on recognition and increases the security of the system when facing difficult-to-identify objects.

  The high-speed NoA function is decentralized to the free version of Seagull Smart Drive with a minimum of 78,800 yuan, which will cover about 87% of car sales. According to the data of high-tech smart cars, in 2024, about 1.97 million vehicles with high-speed NoA function were delivered by automobile terminals, most of which were new energy vehicles, accounting for about 18% of the total sales. And more than 78,800 yuan.It accounts for about 87% of the total domestic sales of new energy terminals, and there is huge room for growth if it penetrates rapidly. The high-speed NoA function of "Eye of God" is expected to enhance users’ trust in intelligent driving ability and effectively promote BYD’s automobile sales.

  Intellectual driving brings equal rights.And the camera and the intelligent driving chip have the highest long-term certainty. Previously, BYD’s internal intelligent driving research and development was similar to the "horse racing mechanism", and "Eye of the God" unified the scheme and improved the reusability of data of different models. The platformization scheme of 12 cameras +5 millimeter-wave radar +12 ultrasonic radar brings about an increase in demand, and the computing power demand of 100 Tops level of the Eye of God C(DPilot100) also brings about an increase in the average price of chips in the parity scheme. In the long run, there is no substitute for visual sensors, and the parity chip of the eye of God C scheme has the largest increment, and the two are the most certain.

  The pure vision "Erlang Shen" scheme effectively guarantees the lower limit of intellectual driving ability, but the upper limit still needs to be further developed. At present, the application of Eye of God C is still limited to high-speed NoA, and the version of Mona03Max in Tucki is expected to be delivered in the second quarter of 2025, which is equipped with NoA function of pure vision urban area (called NGP in Tucki) to stimulate the further competition of pure vision intelligent driving function. With the development of the industry and the stabilization of the political environment in the United States after Trump took office, it is expected that the negotiation of FSD’s entry into China will gradually become clear. When FSD enters China and participates in the competition, the upper limit of the pure vision scheme will become clearer.

China insists on resolving the relevant disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through negotiations.

  Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 13th-The the State Council Press Office published a white paper entitled "China Insists on Resolving Disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through Negotiations" on July 13th. The full text is as follows:

  China insists on resolving the relevant disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through negotiations.

  (July 2016)

  People’s Republic of China (PRC)

  the State Council Information Office

  Catalogue

  Quote

  1. The South China Sea Islands are China’s inherent territory.

  (1) China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands was established in history.

  (二)中国始终坚定维护在南海的领土主权和海洋权益

  (3) China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands has been widely recognized by the international community.

  二、中菲南海有关争议的由来

  (1) The illegal occupation of the Philippines has created a dispute over the Nansha Island reef between China and the Philippines.

  (2) The illegal claims of the Philippines have no historical and legal basis.

  (三)国际海洋法制度的发展导致中菲出现海洋划界争议

  三、中菲已就解决南海有关争议达成共识

  (一)通过谈判解决南海有关争议是中菲共识和承诺

  (2) It is the consensus between China and the Philippines to properly control the disputes in the South China Sea.

  4. The Philippines has repeatedly taken actions that complicate the dispute.

  (1) The Philippines is trying to expand its occupation of some islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands in China.

  (二)菲律宾一再扩大海上侵权

  (3) The Philippines attempted to get its hands on Huangyan Island in China.

  (D) The unilateral arbitration initiated by the Philippines is a malicious act.

  V. China’s policy in handling the South China Sea issue.

  (1) On the territorial issue of Nansha Islands

  (2) On maritime delimitation in the South China Sea.

  (3) About dispute settlement methods

  (4) On managing differences in the South China Sea and conducting pragmatic cooperation at sea.

  (5) Freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea

  (6) On jointly safeguarding peace and stability in the South China Sea

  Quote

  1. The South China Sea is located in the south of Chinese mainland, which is connected with the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Indian Ocean in the west through narrow straits or waterways. It is a semi-closed sea with northeast-southwest trend. The South China Sea is bordered by Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province Island in the north, kalimantan island and Sumatra Island in the south, Philippine Islands in the east, Indochina Peninsula and Malay Peninsula in the west.

  2. China’s South China Sea Islands include dongsha islands, Xisha Islands, zhongsha islands and Nansha Islands. These islands are composed of islands, reefs, beaches, sand and so on with different numbers and sizes. Among them, the Nansha Islands have the largest number of islands and reefs and the widest range.

  3. China people’s activities in the South China Sea have a history of more than 2,000 years. China first discovered, named, developed and utilized the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas, and exercised sovereignty and jurisdiction over the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas in a sustained, peaceful and effective manner. China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and its related rights and interests in the South China Sea were established in a long historical process, which has sufficient historical and legal basis.

  4. China and the Philippines, facing each other across the sea, have close contacts, and the people have been friendly for generations. Originally, there was no dispute over territorial and maritime delimitation. However, since 1970s, the Philippines began to illegally occupy some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands, which created the territorial problems of some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands between China and the Philippines. In addition, with the development of international law of the sea, the two countries have also had maritime delimitation disputes in some waters of the South China Sea.

  5. China and the Philippines have not held any negotiations aimed at resolving the disputes in the South China Sea, but they have indeed held many consultations on properly handling maritime disputes, and reached a consensus on resolving relevant disputes through negotiation and consultation, which has been confirmed many times in bilateral documents. In the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (hereinafter referred to as the Declaration) signed by China and ASEAN countries in 2002, the two sides also made a solemn commitment to resolve relevant disputes through negotiation and consultation.

  6. In January 2013, the then government of the Republic of the Philippines violated the above consensus and commitment and unilaterally filed a South China Sea arbitration case. The Philippines misinterprets and packages disputes such as territorial issues that are not regulated by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter referred to as the Convention) and maritime delimitation excluded by China’s exclusionary declaration made in accordance with Article 298 of the Convention in 2006, which constitutes an abuse of the dispute settlement mechanism of the Convention. The Philippines attempts to deny China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea.

  7. The purpose of this document is to restore the truth about the dispute between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea, and to reiterate China’s consistent position and policy on the South China Sea issue, so as to set the record straight.

  1. The South China Sea Islands are China’s inherent territory.

  (1) China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands was established in history.

  8. The people of China have lived and engaged in productive activities in the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas since ancient times. China was the first to discover, name, develop and utilize the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas, the first to exercise sovereignty and jurisdiction over the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas in a sustained, peaceful and effective manner, and established sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and related rights and interests in the South China Sea.

  9. As early as the Western Han Dynasty in the 2nd century BC, the people of China sailed in the South China Sea and discovered the islands in the South China Sea in their long-term practice.

  10. China’s ancient historical books, such as The Records of Foreign Objects in the Eastern Han Dynasty, The Biography of Fu Nan in the Three Kingdoms Period, The Dream of Liang and An Answer to the Generation Outside the Ridge in the Song Dynasty, A Brief Introduction to the Island in the Yuan Dynasty, An Examination of the East and the West in the Ming Dynasty and a Farewell to the Wind, The Guide to the Right Method in the Qing Dynasty, and The Records of Overseas Countries, etc. The South China Sea islands are named after many vivid names, such as "Zhanghaiqitou", "Coral Island", "Jiuruluozhou", "Shitang", "Wanli Shitang", "Changsha" and "Wanli Changsha".

  In the historical process of exploiting and utilizing the South China Sea, fishermen in China have also formed a relatively fixed naming system for islands in the South China Sea, such as calling islands and sandbars "Zhi", reefs "shovel", "line" and "sand", atolls "Kuang", "circle" and "pond", and shoals. Genglu Book, which was formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties, is a navigation guide for China fishermen to travel between the coastal areas of Chinese mainland and the South China Sea islands. It has been circulated in manuscripts of various versions and is still in use today. It records the life, production and development activities of China people in the South China Sea Islands, and records the naming of the South China Sea Islands by fishermen in China. Among them, there are at least 70 names for islands, reefs, beaches and sands in Nansha Islands, some of which are named by compass directions, such as Ugly Wei (Qibi Reef) and Dongtou Yixin (Flourishing shoal); Some are named after specialties, such as Chigua Line (Chigua Reef) and Mogua Line (Nanping Reef); Some are named after the shapes of islands and reefs, such as bird strings (Xian ‘e Reef) and double shoulders (Xinyi Reef); Some are named after something, such as the pot cover (Amber Shazhou) and the scale hook (Jinghong Island); Some are named after waterways, such as Liumensha (Liumen Reef).

  12. The names given by the people of China to the South China Sea Islands were partly quoted by western navigators and marked in some authoritative nautical guides and charts in the 19th and 20th centuries. For example, Namyit (Hung Hom Island), Sin Cowe (Jinghong Island) and Subi (Zhubijiao) are derived from the pronunciation of "Nanyi", "Weighing Hook" and "Ugly Not" in Hainan dialect.

  13. A large number of historical documents and cultural relics prove that the people of China have continuously developed and utilized the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, fishermen in China have been engaged in fishery production in the Nansha Islands by the northeast trade wind every year, and returned to the mainland by the southwest trade wind the following year. There are also some fishermen in China who live on the island all the year round, standing for fishing, digging wells and pumping water, reclaiming wasteland for planting, building houses and temples, and raising livestock. According to Chinese and foreign historical records and archaeological discoveries, some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands once had crops, wells, houses, temples, tombs and inscriptions left by China fishermen.

  14. Many foreign documents have recorded the fact that only Chinese produced and lived in Nansha Islands for a long time.

  15. The Guide to the Sea of China published by the British Admiralty in 1868 pointed out when referring to the Zhenghe Reef in Nansha Islands: "Hainan fishermen live by catching sea cucumbers and crustaceans, and each island has its footprints, and some have lived on the reefs for a long time." "Fishermen on Taiping Island live more comfortably than those on other islands, and the well water on Taiping Island is much better than other islands." The China Sea Guide in 1906 and the Sailing Notes of China in 1912, 1923 and 1937 recorded the production and life of China fishermen in Nansha Islands in many places.

  16. The magazine Painted Colonial World published in France in September 1933 recorded that among the nine islands in Nansha Islands, only the Chinese (Hainanese) live there, and there are no other nationalities except the Chinese. At that time, there were 7 residents on the southwest island (Nanzi Island), including 2 children; There are 5 residents on Didu Island (Zhongye Island); Spalla Island (Nanwei Island) has 4 residents, one more than in 1930; On Luowan Island (Nankeyao Island), there are shrines, huts and wells left by Chinese. In Yiduba Island (Taiping Island), although no one was seen, a Chinese character tablet was found, to the effect that the grain was transported so far, and no one was found, because it was hidden under the iron sheet (the original French text was stone); Other islands can also be seen everywhere where fishermen live. The magazine also records that Taiping Island, Zhongye Island, Nanwei Island and other islands have lush vegetation, drinking wells, coconut trees, banana trees, papaya tree, pineapples, vegetables and potatoes, and poultry, which are suitable for human habitation.

  17. The Japanese literature "Storm Island" published in 1940 and "Asian Pilotage" (Volume IV) published by the United States Naval Hydrographic Office in 1925 also recorded the production and life of China fishermen in Nansha Islands.

  18. China is the first country to start and continue to manage the South China Sea Islands and related maritime activities. Historically, China has exercised sustained, peaceful and effective jurisdiction over the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas by means of administrative establishment, naval patrol, resource development, astronomical survey and geographical survey.

  19. For example, in the Song Dynasty, China set up an envoy in Guangdong and Guangxi, who was in charge of southern Xinjiang. In Song Dynasty, Ceng Gongliang mentioned in Wu Jing Zong Yao that in order to strengthen the coastal defense in the South China Sea, China set up a sea patrol division to patrol the South China Sea. In Qing Dynasty, Records of Qiongzhou Prefecture compiled by Mingyi and Records of Yazhou compiled by Zhong Yuandi all listed Shitang and Changsha as "coastal defense".

  20. Many local chronicles compiled by officials in China, such as Guangdong Tongzhi, Qiongzhou Prefecture Records, Wanzhou Records, etc., have "Wanzhou has thousands of miles of Changsha and thousands of miles of stone ponds" or similar records in the items of "territory" or "land and mountains".

  21. Successive governments in China have also marked the South China Sea Islands as the territory of China on official maps. In 1755, the General Map of the World, 1767, 1810, 1817, and 1817 of the Dividing Map of the Provinces of the Emperor and the Qing Dynasty all drew the South China Sea Islands into Chinese territory.

  22. Historical facts show that the people of China have always regarded the South China Sea Islands and related sea areas as places for production and life, and engaged in various development and utilization activities. Successive governments in China have also exercised jurisdiction over the South China Sea Islands continuously, peacefully and effectively. In the long historical process, China has established its sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and related rights and interests in the South China Sea, and the people of China have long been the masters of the South China Sea Islands.

  (二)中国始终坚定维护在南海的领土主权和海洋权益

  23. 中国对南海诸岛的主权在20世纪前未遭遇任何挑战。20世纪30年代至40年代,法国和日本先后以武力非法侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁。对此,中国人民奋起抵抗,当时中国政府采取一系列措施,捍卫对南沙群岛的主权。

  24. 1933年,法国曾经一度侵入南沙群岛部分岛礁,发布政府公报宣告“占领”,制造了“九小岛事件”。中国各地各界反应强烈、群起抗议,纷纷谴责法国的侵略行径。居住在南沙群岛的中国渔民也在实地进行抵抗,符洪光、柯家裕、郑兰锭等人砍倒法国在太平岛、北子岛、南威岛、中业岛等岛上悬挂法国国旗的旗杆。

  25. “九小岛事件”发生后,中国外交部发言人表示,南沙群岛有关岛屿“仅有我渔人居留岛上,在国际上确认为中国领土”,中国政府就法方侵入九小岛提出严正交涉。同时,广东省政府针对法国诱骗中国渔民悬挂法国国旗,命令各县长布告,禁止在南沙群岛及海域作业的中国渔船悬挂外国旗帜,并给渔民发放中国国旗,要求悬挂。

  26. 由外交部、内政部、海军部等部门组成的水陆地图审查委员会,专门审定中国南海诸岛各岛、礁、滩、沙名称,并于1935年编印并公布了《中国南海各岛屿图》。

  27. 日本在侵华战争期间曾非法侵占中国南海诸岛。中国人民对日本的侵略进行了英勇抵抗。随着世界反法西斯战争和中国人民抗日战争的推进,中、美、英三国于1943年12月发表《开罗宣言》郑重宣布,日本必须将所窃取的中国领土归还中国。1945年7月,中、美、英三国发表《波茨坦公告》,其中第8条明确规定,“开罗宣言之条件必将实施”。

  28. 1945年8月,日本宣布接受《波茨坦公告》无条件投降。1946年11月至12月,中国政府指派林遵上校等高级军政官员,乘坐“永兴”、“中建”、“太平”、“中业”4艘军舰,分赴西沙群岛和南沙群岛,举行仪式,重立主权碑,派兵驻守。随后,中国政府用上述4艘军舰名对西沙群岛和南沙群岛的4个岛屿进行重新命名。

  29. 1947年3月,中国政府在太平岛设立南沙群岛管理处,隶属广东省。中国还在太平岛设立气象台和电台,自6月起对外广播气象信息。

  30. 在对南海诸岛重新进行地理测绘的基础上,中国政府于1947年组织编写了《南海诸岛地理志略》,审定《南海诸岛新旧名称对照表》,绘制标有南海断续线的《南海诸岛位置图》。1948年2月,中国政府公布《中华民国行政区域图》,包括《南海诸岛位置图》。

  31. 1949年6月,中国政府颁布《海南特区行政长官公署组织条例》,把“海南岛、东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛及其他附属岛屿”划入海南特区。

  32. 中华人民共和国1949年10月1日成立后,多次重申并采取立法、行政设治、外交交涉等措施进一步维护对南海诸岛的主权和在南海的相关权益。中国对南海诸岛及相关海域的巡逻执法、资源开发和科学考察等活动从未中断过。

  33. 1951年8月,中国外交部长周恩来发表《关于美英对日和约草案及旧金山会议的声明》指出,“西沙群岛和南威岛正如整个南沙群岛及中沙群岛、东沙群岛一样,向为中国领土,在日本帝国主义发动侵略战争时虽曾一度沦陷,但日本投降后已为当时中国政府全部接收”,“中华人民共和国在南威岛和西沙群岛之不可侵犯的主权,不论美英对日和约草案有无规定及如何规定,均不受任何影响”。

  34. 1958年9月,中国发布《中华人民共和国政府关于领海的声明》,明确规定中国领海宽度为12海里,采用直线基线方法划定领海基线,上述规定适用于中华人民共和国的一切领土,包括“东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛以及其他属于中国的岛屿”。

  35. 1959年3月,中国政府在西沙群岛的永兴岛设立“西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处”;1969年3月,该“办事处”改称“广东省西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛革命委员会”;1981年10月,恢复“西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处”的称谓。

  36. 1983年4月,中国地名委员会受权公布南海诸岛部分标准地名,总计287个。

  37. 1984年5月,第六届全国人民代表大会第二次会议决定设立海南行政区,管辖范围包括西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

  38. 1988年4月,第七届全国人民代表大会第一次会议决定设立海南省,管辖范围包括西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

  39. 1992年2月,中国颁布《中华人民共和国领海及毗连区法》,确立了中国领海和毗连区的基本法律制度,并明确规定:“中华人民共和国的陆地领土包括……东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛以及其他一切属于中华人民共和国的岛屿”。1996年5月,第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议决定,批准《联合国海洋法公约》,同时声明“中华人民共和国重申对1992年2月25日颁布的《中华人民共和国领海及毗连区法》第2条所列各群岛及岛屿的主权。”

  40. 1996年5月,中国政府宣布中国大陆沿海由山东高角至海南岛峻壁角49个领海基点和由直线相连的领海基线,以及西沙群岛28个领海基点和由直线相连的基线,并宣布将另行公布其余领海基线。

  41. 1998年6月,中国颁布《中华人民共和国专属经济区和大陆架法》,确立了中国专属经济区和大陆架的基本法律制度,并明确规定:“本法的规定不影响中华人民共和国享有的历史性权利”。

  42. 2012年6月,国务院批准撤销海南省西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛办事处,设立地级三沙市,管辖西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛的岛礁及其海域。

  43. China attaches great importance to the protection of ecology and fishery resources in the South China Sea. Since 1999, China has implemented a fishing moratorium in the South China Sea in summer. By the end of 2015, China had built 6 national aquatic nature reserves and 6 provincial aquatic nature reserves in the South China Sea, with a total area of 2.69 million hectares. There are 7 national aquatic germplasm resources in conservation zone, with a total area of 1.28 million hectares.

  44. Since the 1950s, the Taiwan, China authorities have been stationed in Taiping Island of Nansha Islands, with civil service management agencies and the development and utilization of natural resources on the island.

  (3) China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands has been widely recognized by the international community.

  45. After the Second World War, China recovered the South China Sea Islands and resumed the exercise of sovereignty. Many countries in the world recognized the South China Sea Islands as the territory of China.

  46. In 1951, the San Francisco Peace Treaty Conference with Japan stipulated that Japan should give up all rights, names and claims to Nansha Islands and Xisha Islands. In 1952, the Japanese government formally renounced all rights, names and claims to Taiwan Province, Penghu Islands, Nansha Islands and Xisha Islands. In the same year, the fifteenth map of the Standard World Atlas, Southeast Asia Map, which was personally signed and recommended by then Japanese Foreign Minister Okazaki Kzuo, marked all the Xisha, Nansha Islands, Dongsha and zhongsha islands that Japan had to give up according to the peace treaty as belonging to China.

  47. 1955年10月,国际民航组织在马尼拉召开会议,美国、英国、法国、日本、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、泰国、菲律宾、南越和中国台湾当局派代表出席,菲律宾代表为会议主席,法国代表为副主席。会议通过的第24号决议要求中国台湾当局在南沙群岛加强气象观测,而会上没有任何一个代表对此提出异议或保留。

  48. 1958年9月4日,中国政府发布《中华人民共和国政府关于领海的声明》,宣布中国的领海宽度为12海里,明确指出:“这项规定适用于中华人民共和国的一切领土,包括……东沙群岛、西沙群岛、中沙群岛、南沙群岛以及其他属于中国的岛屿。”9月14日,越南政府总理范文同照会中国国务院总理周恩来郑重表示,“越南民主共和国政府承认和赞同中华人民共和国政府1958年9月4日关于领海决定的声明”,“越南民主共和国政府尊重这项决定”。

  49. 1956年8月,美国驻台机构一等秘书韦士德向中国台湾当局口头申请,美军人员拟前往黄岩岛、双子群礁、景宏岛、鸿庥岛、南威岛等中沙和南沙群岛岛礁进行地形测量。中国台湾当局随后同意了美方的申请。

  50. In December 1960, the United States Government sent a letter to the Taiwan, China authorities, "requesting permission" for American military personnel to conduct field surveys in shuangzi reefs, Jinghong Island and Nanwei Island in Nansha Islands. The Taiwan, China authorities approved the above application.

  51. In 1972, in the Joint Statement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Government of Japan, Japan reiterated its adherence to article 8 of the Potsdam Proclamation.

  52. According to Agence France-Presse, on February 4, 1974, then Indonesian Foreign Minister Malik said, "If we look at the map released now, we can see from the map that both paracel islands (Xisha Islands) and Prattley Islands (Nansha Islands) belong to China"; Since we admit that there is only one China, "this means that, for us, these islands belong to People’s Republic of China (PRC)".

  53. From 17 March to 1 April 1987, the 14th meeting of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO discussed the Implementation Plan of the Global Sea Level Observing System 1985-1990 (IOC/INF-663 Rev) submitted by the secretariat of the Commission. The document suggests that the Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands should be included in the global sea level observation system, and the two islands should be clearly listed as "People’s Republic of China (PRC)". To implement the plan, the government of China was appointed to build five ocean observation stations, including one in Nansha Islands and one in Xisha Islands.

  54. It has long been widely recognized by the international community that the South China Sea Islands belong to the China. Encyclopedias, yearbooks and maps published in many countries label Nansha Islands as China. For example, in 1960, Wildmark Encyclopedia of Countries published by Wildmark Publishing House in the United States; New China Yearbook published by Japanese Jidong Bookstore in 1966; Atlas of the World published in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957, 1958 and 1961; Atlas of Earth and Geography published in GDR in 1958; Huck’s Atlas of the World published in GDR in 1968; World Atlas published in the Soviet Union from 1954 to 1959; Attached drawings of Division of Foreign Administrative Regions published in the Soviet Union in 1957; World Atlas published in Hungary in 1959; Illustrated World Political and Economic Atlas published in Hungary in 1974; Pocket Atlas of the World published in Czechoslovakia in 1959; World Geographic Atlas published in Romania in 1977; Atlas of International Politics and Economy published by larousse Press in 1965; Modern Atlas of larousse published by larousse Press in 1969; The maps attached to the Encyclopedia of the World published by Japan Pingfan Society in 1972 and 1983 and the Atlas of the World published in 1985; And the attached drawings of "The World and Countries" published by Japan Geographical Association in 1980.

  二、中菲南海有关争议的由来

  55. 中菲南海有关争议的核心是菲律宾非法侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁而产生的领土问题。此外,随着国际海洋法制度的发展,中菲在南海部分海域还出现了海洋划界争议。

  (1) The illegal occupation of the Philippines has created a dispute over the Nansha Island reef between China and the Philippines.

  56. The territorial scope of the Philippines was determined by a series of international treaties, including the 1898 Treaty of Peace between the United States and Spain (Paris Treaty), the 1900 Treaty of Cessation of the Outer Islands of the Philippines (Washington Treaty) and the 1930 Treaty of Delimitation of the Boundary between British North Borneo and the United States Philippines.

  57. China’s South China Sea islands are outside Philippine territory.

  58. In 1950s, the Philippines tried to get its hands on Nansha Islands in China. But under the resolute opposition of China, the Philippines stopped. In May 1956, Cloma, a Filipino, organized a private expedition to the Nansha Islands and called some islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands in China "free land" without authorization. Subsequently, Philippine Vice President and Foreign Minister Garcia expressed support for Cloma’s activities. In response, a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China issued a statement on May 29th, solemnly pointing out that the Nansha Islands "have always been a part of China’s territory. People’s Republic of China (PRC) has indisputable legal sovereignty over these islands … … No country will be allowed to violate it under any pretext and in any way. " At the same time, the Taiwan, China authorities sent warships to patrol the Nansha Islands and resumed their stationing on Taiping Island in the Nansha Islands. Since then, the Philippine Foreign Ministry has indicated that the Philippine government did not know about Cloma’s move in advance and did not give its consent.

  59. 自20世纪70年代起,菲律宾先后以武力侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁,并提出非法领土要求。1970年8月和9月,菲律宾非法侵占马欢岛和费信岛;1971年4月,菲律宾非法侵占南钥岛和中业岛;1971年7月,菲律宾非法侵占西月岛和北子岛;1978年3月和1980年7月,菲律宾非法侵占双黄沙洲和司令礁。1978年6月,菲律宾总统马科斯签署第1596号总统令,将中国南沙群岛部分岛礁并连同周边大范围海域称为“卡拉延岛群”(“卡拉延”在他加禄语中意为“自由”),划设“卡拉延镇区”,非法列入菲律宾领土范围。

  60. 菲律宾还通过一系列国内立法,提出了自己的领海、专属经济区和大陆架等主张。其中部分与中国在南海的海洋权益产生冲突。

  61. 菲律宾为掩盖其非法侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁的事实,实现其领土扩张的野心,炮制了一系列借口,包括:“卡拉延岛群”不属于南沙群岛,是“无主地”;南沙群岛在二战后是“托管地”;菲律宾占领南沙群岛是依据“地理邻近”和出于“国家安全”需要;“南沙群岛部分岛礁位于菲律宾专属经济区和大陆架上”;菲律宾“有效控制”有关岛礁已成为不能改变的“现状”等。

  (2) The illegal claims of the Philippines have no historical and legal basis.

  62. From the perspective of history and international law, the Philippines’ territorial claims to some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands are groundless.

  63. First, the Nansha Islands have never been an integral part of Philippine territory. The territorial scope of the Philippines has been determined by a series of international treaties. In this regard, the then ruler of the Philippines, the United States, was very clear. On August 12, 1933, Lu Leiyi, a former senator from the Philippines, wrote to Murphy, the governor of the United States in the Philippines, trying to claim that some Nansha islands constitute a part of the Philippine Islands on the grounds of geographical proximity. The relevant letters were forwarded to the US War Department and the State Council for processing. On October 9, 1933, the US Secretary of State replied that "these islands … … Far beyond the boundaries of the Philippine Islands acquired from Spain in 1898. " In May, 1935, U.S. Secretary of the Army Dunn sent a letter to Secretary of State Hull, asking the State Council to comment on the "legality and appropriateness" of Philippine territorial claims to some islands in Nansha Islands. A memorandum signed by Boggs, etc. in the Office of the Historical Adviser in the State Council, USA, pointed out that "obviously, the United States has no basis to claim that the islands concerned constitute a part of the Philippine Islands." On August 20, US Secretary of State Hull replied to US Secretary of the Army Dunn that "the islands of the Philippine Islands acquired by the United States from Spain according to the 1898 Treaty are limited to the boundaries stipulated in Article 3", and regarding the islands in the Nansha Islands, "It should be pointed out that,There is no indication that Spain has ever exercised sovereignty or made claims on any of these islands. " These documents prove that the territory of the Philippines never includes the South China Sea Islands, a fact recognized by the international community including the United States.

  Second, the statement that "Karayan Island Group" is a "no land" discovered by the Philippines is totally untrue. On the basis of the so-called "discovery" by its nationals in 1956, the Philippines called some islands and reefs of the Nansha Islands in China "Karayan Island Group" in an attempt to create confusion in geographical names and concepts and divide the Nansha Islands. In fact, the geographical scope of Nansha Islands is clear and definite. The so-called "Karayan Island Group" in the Philippines is a part of Nansha Islands in China. Nansha Islands have long been an inseparable part of China’s territory, and they are by no means "terra nullius".

  Third, the Nansha Islands are not a so-called "trust land". The Philippines said that after World War II, Nansha Islands was a "trust territory" with undetermined sovereignty. The Philippine statement has no basis in law and fact. The "trust sites" after World War II are clearly listed in relevant international treaties or relevant documents of the United Nations Trusteeship Council. The Nansha Islands have never appeared on the above list and are not "trust sites" at all.

  Fourthly, "geographical proximity" and "national security" are not the basis of international law for territorial acquisition. Part of the territory of many countries in the world is far from their native land, and some even lie near the coast of other countries. During the colonial rule of the United States in the Philippines, there was a dispute with the Netherlands over the sovereignty of an island near the Philippine Islands, and the territorial claim put forward by the United States on the grounds of "geographical proximity" was judged to have no basis in international law. It is even more absurd to occupy the territory of other countries on the grounds of so-called "national security".

  67. Fifthly, the Philippines claims that some islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands in China are located within its exclusive economic zone and continental shelf, so the islands and reefs concerned belong to the Philippines or form an integral part of the Philippine continental shelf. This claim attempts to deny China’s territorial sovereignty with the maritime jurisdiction granted by the Convention, which runs counter to the principle of international law that "land rules the sea" and is totally inconsistent with the purpose and purpose of the Convention. The preamble of the Convention stipulates: "To establish a legal order for the ocean … … 。” Therefore, coastal countries must claim maritime jurisdiction on the premise of respecting the territorial sovereignty of other countries, and cannot extend their maritime jurisdiction to other countries’ territories, let alone deny their sovereignty and infringe on their territories.

  Sixthly, the so-called "effective control" in the Philippines is based on illegal occupation and is illegal and invalid. The international community does not recognize the so-called "effective control" formed by military occupation. The so-called "effective control" of the Philippines is a naked military occupation of some islands and reefs of Nansha Islands in China, which violates the Charter of the United Nations (hereinafter referred to as the Charter) and the basic norms of international relations and is explicitly prohibited by international law. The so-called "effective control" of the Philippines based on illegal occupation cannot change the basic fact that the Nansha Islands are the territory of China. China resolutely opposes anyone’s attempt to regard the occupied state of some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands as a so-called "fait accompli" or "status quo", which China will never admit.

  (三)国际海洋法制度的发展导致中菲出现海洋划界争议

  69. 随着《公约》的制订和生效,中国和菲律宾之间的南海有关争议逐步激化。

  70. 基于中国人民和中国政府的长期历史实践及历届中国政府的一贯立场,根据国内法以及国际法,包括1958年《中华人民共和国政府关于领海的声明》、1992年《中华人民共和国领海及毗连区法》、1996年《中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于批准的决定》、1998年《中华人民共和国专属经济区和大陆架法》和1982年《联合国海洋法公约》,中国南海诸岛拥有内水、领海、毗连区、专属经济区和大陆架。此外,中国在南海拥有历史性权利。

  71. 根据菲律宾1949年第387号共和国法案、1961年第3046号共和国法案、1968年第5446号共和国法案、1968年第370号总统公告、1978年第1599号总统令、2009年第9522号共和国法案等法律,菲律宾公布了内水、群岛水域、领海,专属经济区和大陆架。

  72. 在南海,中国的陆地领土海岸和菲律宾的陆地领土海岸相向,相距不足400海里。两国主张的海洋权益区域重叠,由此产生海洋划界争议。

  三、中菲已就解决南海有关争议达成共识

  73. 中国坚决捍卫对南海诸岛的主权,坚决反对菲律宾非法侵占中国岛礁,坚决反对菲律宾依据单方面主张在中国管辖海域采取侵权行为。同时,从维护南海和平稳定出发,中国保持高度克制,坚持和平解决中菲南海有关争议,并为此作出不懈努力。中国就管控海上分歧以及推动海上务实合作等与菲律宾进行多次磋商,双方就通过谈判解决南海有关争议,妥善管控有关分歧达成重要共识。

  (一)通过谈判解决南海有关争议是中菲共识和承诺

  74. 中国一贯致力于在相互尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处五项原则基础上与各国发展友好关系。

  75. 1975年6月,中菲关系实现正常化,两国在有关公报中明确指出,两国政府同意不诉诸武力,不以武力相威胁,和平解决所有争端。

  76. 实际上,中国在解决南海问题上的“搁置争议,共同开发”倡议,首先是对菲律宾提出的。1986年6月,中国领导人邓小平在会见菲律宾副总统萨尔瓦多·劳雷尔时,指出南沙群岛属于中国,同时针对有关分歧表示,“这个问题可以先搁置一下,先放一放。过几年后,我们坐下来,平心静气地商讨一个可为各方接受的方式。我们不会让这个问题妨碍与菲律宾和其他国家的友好关系”。1988年4月,邓小平在会见菲律宾总统科拉松·阿基诺时重申“对南沙群岛问题,中国最有发言权。南沙历史上就是中国领土,很长时间,国际上对此无异议”;“从两国友好关系出发,这个问题可先搁置一下,采取共同开发的办法”。此后,中国在处理南海有关争议及同南海周边国家发展双边关系问题上,一直贯彻了邓小平关于“主权属我,搁置争议,共同开发”的思想。

  Since the 1980s, the China has put forward a series of propositions and initiatives on controlling and resolving disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through negotiations. It has repeatedly reiterated its position on sovereignty over Nansha Islands, peaceful settlement of disputes in the South China Sea and the initiative of "shelving disputes and jointly developing", clearly expressing its opposition to the intervention of external forces and the internationalization of the South China Sea issue, and stressing that disputes should not be allowed to affect the development of bilateral relations.

  78. In July 1992, the 25th ASEAN Foreign Ministers’ Meeting held in Manila issued the ASEAN Declaration on the South China Sea. China expressed his appreciation for the relevant principles elaborated in this declaration. China has always advocated peaceful settlement of territorial issues related to some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands through negotiations, opposed resorting to force, and is willing to negotiate with relevant countries to "shelve disputes and jointly develop" when conditions are ripe.

  In August 1995, China and the Philippines jointly issued the "Joint Statement on Consultation between People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Philippines on South China Sea Issues and Cooperation in Other Fields", stating that "disputes should be settled by countries directly concerned"; "The two sides promised to cooperate step by step and finally settle their disputes through negotiation". Since then, China and the Philippines have confirmed the relevant consensus on resolving the South China Sea issue through bilateral negotiation and consultation through a series of bilateral documents, such as the Joint Communiqué of the Meeting of the Working Group on Confidence-building Measures between China and the Philippines in March 1999 and the Joint Statement of the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Government of the Republic of the Philippines on the Framework of Bilateral Cooperation in the 21st Century in May 2000.

  80. In November 2002, China signed the Declaration with 10 ASEAN countries. In the Declaration, all parties solemnly promised: "According to the universally recognized principles of international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the sovereign countries directly concerned should resolve their territorial and jurisdictional disputes by peaceful means through friendly consultations and negotiations, without resorting to force or threat of force."

  81. Since then, China and the Philippines have confirmed their solemn commitments in the Declaration through a series of bilateral documents, such as the Joint Press Communiqué of the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Government of the Republic of the Philippines in September 2004 and the Joint Statement of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of the Philippines in September 2011.

  82. The above-mentioned bilateral documents between China and the Philippines and the relevant provisions of the Declaration reflect the following consensus and commitments reached by China and the Philippines on resolving disputes in the South China Sea: First, relevant disputes should be resolved between sovereign countries directly concerned; Second, relevant disputes should be settled peacefully through negotiation and consultation on the basis of equality and mutual respect; Third, the sovereign countries directly concerned "finally negotiated and resolved the disputes between the two sides" in accordance with recognized principles of international law, including the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

  83. China and the Philippines have repeatedly reiterated that the relevant disputes should be settled through negotiations, and repeatedly stressed that the relevant negotiations should be conducted by the sovereign countries directly concerned. The above provisions have obviously had the effect of excluding any third-party dispute settlement methods. In particular, the 1995 Joint Statement stipulated that "the disputes between the two sides should be finally settled through negotiation". The word "finally" here is obviously to emphasize that "negotiation" is the only dispute settlement method that both sides have chosen, and to exclude any other means including third-party dispute settlement procedures. The above consensus and commitment constitute an agreement between the two countries to exclude the settlement of disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through third-party dispute settlement. This agreement must be observed.

  (2) It is the consensus between China and the Philippines to properly control the disputes in the South China Sea.

  84. China has always maintained that all parties should control disputes by formulating rules, improving mechanisms, pragmatic cooperation and joint development, so as to create a good atmosphere for the final settlement of disputes in the South China Sea.

  85. Since the 1990s, China and the Philippines have reached a series of consensuses on controlling disputes: First, they should exercise restraint in relevant disputes and refrain from taking actions that may lead to the escalation of the situation; Second, insist on controlling disputes through bilateral consultation mechanism; Third, persist in promoting pragmatic cooperation and joint development at sea; Fourth, the relevant disputes should not affect the healthy development of bilateral relations and peace and stability in the South China Sea.

  86. In the Declaration, China and the Philippines also reached the following consensus: maintain self-restraint and refrain from actions that complicate and expand disputes and affect peace and stability; Before the peaceful settlement of territorial and jurisdictional disputes, in the spirit of cooperation and understanding, strive to find various ways to build mutual trust; Explore or carry out cooperation in marine environmental protection, marine scientific research, maritime navigation and traffic safety, search and rescue, and combating transnational crimes.

  87. China and the Philippines have made positive progress in managing differences and conducting pragmatic cooperation at sea.

  88. In March 1999, China and the Philippines held the first meeting of the Working Group on Confidence-Building Measures in the South China Sea. The Joint Communiqué of the Meeting of the Working Group on Confidence-Building Measures between China and the Philippines pointed out that "the two sides promised to settle disputes peacefully through consultation in accordance with widely accepted principles of international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, … … The two sides agreed to exercise restraint and not take actions that may lead to the escalation of the situation. "

  In April 2001, the Joint Press Statement of the Third Expert Group Meeting on Confidence-Building Measures issued by China and the Philippines pointed out that "the two sides recognized that the bilateral consultation mechanism established by the two countries to explore ways of cooperation in the South China Sea was fruitful, and a series of understandings and consensus reached by the two sides played a constructive role in maintaining the healthy development of Sino-Philippine relations and peace and stability in the South China Sea."

  90. In September, 2004, witnessed by the leaders of China and the Philippines, China Offshore Oil Corporation and Philippine National Oil Company signed the Agreement on Joint Marine Seismic Work in Parts of the South China Sea. With the consent of China and the Philippines, in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines and Viet Nam signed the Tripartite Joint Marine Seismic Work Agreement in the South China Sea Agreement Zone, and it was agreed that the oil companies of the three countries would complete the collection and processing of a certain number of 2D and/or 3D seismic lines in the agreement zone of about 143,000 square kilometers within the three-year agreement period, reprocess a certain number of existing 2D seismic lines, and study and evaluate the oil resources in the agreement zone. In 2007, the Joint Statement of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of the Philippines stated that "the two sides believe that the tripartite joint marine seismic work in the South China Sea can serve as a model for regional cooperation. The two sides agreed to explore the next stage of tripartite cooperation to a higher level to strengthen the good momentum of building mutual trust in the region. "

  91. Regrettably, due to the lack of willingness of the Philippines to cooperate, the meeting of the Working Group on Confidence Measures between China and the Philippines has come to a standstill, and the joint marine seismic survey between China, the Philippines and Vietnam has failed to continue.

  4. The Philippines has repeatedly taken actions that complicate the dispute.

  92. Since the 1980s, the Philippines has repeatedly taken actions that complicate the dispute.

  (1) The Philippines is trying to expand its occupation of some islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands in China.

  93. Since the 1980s, the Philippines has been building military facilities on the islands and reefs of Nansha Islands in China, which have been illegally occupied. In the 1990s, the Philippines continued to build airports and naval and air bases on the illegally occupied islands and reefs in Nansha Islands, China, focusing on Zhongye Island in Nansha Islands, China, and continued to build and renovate airports, barracks, docks and other facilities on the illegally occupied islands and reefs, so as to facilitate the landing and landing of heavy transport aircraft and fighter planes and accommodate more and larger ships. The Philippines also deliberately provoked and frequently sent warships and planes to invade Wufang Reef, Xian ‘e Reef, Xinyi Reef, Half Moon Reef and Ren’ai Reef in Nansha Islands of China, wantonly destroying the survey marks set by China.

  What’s more, on May 9, 1999, the Philippines sent a tank landing ship No.57 to invade Ren’ai Reef, China, and illegally "sat on the beach" on the reef under the pretext of "technical failure". China immediately made solemn representations to the Philippines, demanding that the ship be towed away immediately. The Philippines, on the other hand, said that the ship "lacked parts" and could not be towed away.

  95. In this regard, China continued to make representations to the Philippines and repeatedly asked the Philippines to tow the ship. For example, in November 1999, China’s ambassador to the Philippines met with Philippine Foreign Minister Siazon and the director of the President’s Office, Lani Hyssos, to negotiate again about the illegal landing of the ship on the Ren’ai Reef. Although the Philippines has repeatedly promised to withdraw the ship from Ren’ai Reef, it has been dragging its feet.

  96. In September 2003, after learning that the Philippines was going to build facilities around the warships illegally "sitting on the beach" in Ren’ai Reef, China immediately made solemn representations. Acting Philippine Foreign Minister Abdalin said that the Philippines has no intention of building facilities on the Ren’ai Reef. As a signatory to the Declaration, the Philippines will not and will not be the first violator.

  97. However, the Philippines refused to fulfill its promise to tow the ship, but instead intensified its efforts and took further provocative actions. In February 2013, the Philippines pulled up the fixed cable around the illegal "sitting on the beach", and the crew on board frequently moved to prepare for the construction of fixed facilities. After repeated representations from China, Philippine Defense Minister Gasmin claimed that the Philippines was only replenishing and repairing the ship and promised not to build facilities on the Ren’ai Reef.

  98. On March 14th, 2014, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines issued a statement, openly claiming that the reason why the Philippines used the No.57 tank landing ship to "sit on the beach" in Ren’ai Reef was to "deploy the warship in Ren’ai Reef as a permanent facility of the Philippine government", in an attempt to use this as an excuse to continue to refuse to fulfill the promise of towing the ship, so as to achieve the purpose of occupying Ren’ai Reef. China immediately expressed shock at this and reiterated that it would never allow the Philippine side to occupy the Ren’ai Reef in any form.

  99. In July 2015, the Philippines publicly stated that it was consolidating its warships sitting on the beach in Ren’ai Reef.

  100. The Philippines used a warship to "sit on the beach" in Ren’ai Reef, but promised to tow it away, but always reneged on it until it took reinforcement measures and proved by its own practical actions that the Philippines was the first country to openly violate the Declaration.

  101. 长期以来,菲律宾非法侵占中国南沙群岛有关岛礁,并在岛礁上修筑各种军事设施,企图制造既成事实,长期霸占。菲律宾的所作所为,严重侵犯中国对南沙群岛有关岛礁的主权,严重违反《宪章》和国际法基本准则。

  (二)菲律宾一再扩大海上侵权

  102. 自20世纪70年代起,菲律宾依据其单方面主张,先后侵入中国南沙群岛礼乐滩、忠孝滩等地进行非法油气钻探,包括就有关区块进行对外招标。

  103. 进入21世纪以来,菲律宾扩大对外招标范围,大面积侵入中国南沙群岛有关海域。2003年,菲律宾将大片中国南沙群岛相关海域划为对外招标区块。2014年5月,菲律宾进行了第5轮油气招标,其中4个招标区块侵入中国南沙群岛相关海域。

  104. 菲律宾还不断侵入中国南沙群岛有关海域,袭扰中国渔民和渔船正常生产作业。据不完全统计,1989年至2015年,在上述海域共发生菲律宾非法侵犯中国渔民生命和财产安全事件97件,其中枪击8件,抢劫34件,抓扣40件,追赶15件;共涉及中国渔船近200艘,渔民上千人。菲律宾还野蛮、粗暴对待中国渔民,施以非人道待遇。

  105. Filipino armed men often ignore the lives of fishermen in China and use excessive force. For example, on April 27, 2006, armed fishing boats from the Philippines invaded the southern shoal of Nansha Islands in China and attacked the fishing boat Qiongqionghai 03012 from China. An armed dinghy and four gunmen from the Philippines approached the fishing boat in China and fired directly at the bridge of the fishing boat, causing four fishermen, including Andy Chen Chao, to die on the spot, two seriously injured and one slightly injured. Subsequently, 13 gunmen forcibly boarded the fishing boat and robbed the ship of satellite navigation, communication equipment, production tools and catches.

  106. The Philippines has repeatedly taken various maritime tort actions in an attempt to expand its illegal claims in the South China Sea and seriously violated China’s sovereignty and related rights and interests in the South China Sea. The infringement of rights in the Philippines has seriously violated its commitment in the Declaration to exercise self-restraint and not to take actions that complicate and enlarge disputes. The Philippines shot and robbed China fishing boats and fishermen, illegally detained China fishermen and treated them inhumanely, which seriously violated the personal and property safety and personal dignity of China fishermen and blatantly trampled on basic human rights.

  (3) The Philippines attempted to get its hands on Huangyan Island in China.

  107. The Philippines has also made territorial claims and attempted to illegally occupy Huangyan Island in China.

  108. Huangyan Island is an inherent territory of China, and China has continuously, peacefully and effectively exercised sovereignty and jurisdiction over Huangyan Island.

  109. Before 1997, the Philippines never disputed that Huangyan Island belonged to China, and never claimed the territory of Huangyan Island. On February 5, 1990, Philippine Ambassador to Germany Bianco Nido wrote to German radio enthusiast Dieter, saying: "According to the Philippine National Map and Resource Information Bureau, scarborough Reef or Huangyan Island is not within the territorial sovereignty of the Philippines."

  On October 28th, 1994, the National Map and Resources Information Bureau of the Philippines issued the Certificate of the Territorial Boundary of the Republic of the Philippines, which stated that "the territorial boundary and sovereignty of the Republic of the Philippines are determined by Article 3 of the Paris Treaty signed on December 10th, 1898" and confirmed that "the territorial boundary shown in the No.25 official map issued by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of the Philippines through the National Map and Resources Information Bureau is completely correct and reflects the real state". As mentioned earlier, the Paris Treaty and two other treaties have defined the territorial boundary of the Philippines, and Huangyan Island in China is obviously outside this boundary. Official map no.25 reflects this fact. In a letter to the American Radio Association on November 18, 1994, the Philippine Radio Enthusiast Association wrote, "It is a very important fact that the relevant government agencies (in the Philippines) stated that scarborough Reef is located outside the territorial boundary of the Philippines based on Article 3 of the Paris Treaty signed on December 10, 1898."

  111. In April 1997, the Philippines changed its position that its territorial scope did not include Huangyan Island, followed, monitored and interfered with the exploration activities of the international joint amateur radio expedition organized by China Radio Sports Association, and even ignored historical facts, claiming that Huangyan Island was within the exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles advocated by the Philippines, so it was Philippine territory. In this regard, China has repeatedly made representations to the Philippines, clearly pointing out that Huangyan Island is the inherent territory of China, and the Philippine claim is unreasonable, illegal and invalid.

  112. On February 17, 2009, the Philippine Congress passed Republic Act 9522, which illegally classified Huangyan Island in China and some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands as Philippine territory. In this regard, China immediately made representations to the Philippines and issued a statement, reaffirming China’s sovereignty over Huangyan Island and Nansha Islands and their adjacent waters. Any other country’s claim for territorial sovereignty over Huangyan Island and Nansha Islands is illegal and invalid.

  113. On April 10th, 2012, the Philippine warship "Del pilar" broke into the waters near Huangyan Island in China, illegally arrested and severely treated China fishermen and fishing boats operating in the waters, and deliberately provoked the Huangyan Island incident. China made solemn representations to the Philippines many times in Beijing and Manila, strongly protesting against the Philippines’ violation of China’s territorial sovereignty and hurting China fishermen, and demanding that the Philippines immediately withdraw all ships and personnel. At the same time, the China government quickly dispatched sea surveillance and fishery law enforcement vessels to Huangyan Island to safeguard sovereignty and rescue fishermen in China. In June, 2012, after repeated solemn representations by China, the Philippines withdrew relevant ships and personnel from Huangyan Island.

  114. The illegal territorial claim of the Philippines to Huangyan Island in China has no basis in international law. The so-called claim that Huangyan Island is within the exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles in the Philippines but is Philippine territory is obviously a deliberate and absurd distortion of international law. The Philippine sent warships into the waters near Huangyan Island, which seriously violated China’s territorial sovereignty and the basic principles of the Charter and international law. The Philippines encouraged and encouraged Philippine ships and personnel to invade the waters of Huangyan Island in China on a large scale, which seriously violated China’s sovereignty and sovereign rights in the waters of Huangyan Island. The Philippines illegally detained China fishermen who were operating normally in the waters of Huangyan Island and subjected them to severe inhuman treatment, which seriously violated the personal dignity of China fishermen and trampled on human rights.

  (D) The unilateral arbitration initiated by the Philippines is a malicious act.

  115. On January 22, 2013, the then government of the Republic of the Philippines violated the consensus reached between China and the Philippines and repeatedly confirmed that disputes in the South China Sea should be resolved through negotiations, and violated its solemn commitment made in the Declaration. Knowing that territorial disputes did not fall within the scope of adjustment of the Convention and that maritime delimitation disputes had been excluded by China’s relevant statement in 2006, it deliberately packaged the disputes into simple issues of interpretation or application of the Convention and abused the Convention. The Philippine move is not to resolve the dispute with China, but to deny China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. The behavior of the Philippines is malicious.

  116. First, the Philippines unilaterally initiated arbitration, which violated the agreement between China and the Philippines to resolve disputes through bilateral negotiations. In relevant bilateral documents, China and the Philippines have reached an agreement on resolving disputes in the South China Sea through negotiations and confirmed it many times. In the Declaration, China and the Philippines made a solemn commitment to resolve the disputes in the South China Sea through negotiations, which were repeatedly confirmed in bilateral documents. The above-mentioned bilateral documents between China and the Philippines and the relevant provisions of the Declaration complement each other and constitute an agreement between China and the Philippines. On this basis, the two countries chose to solve the relevant disputes by negotiation, and excluded third-party methods including arbitration. The agreement must be observed. This basic norm of international law must be implemented. The Philippines’ violation of its solemn commitments is a serious breach of trust, and it does not create any rights for the Philippines, nor does it create any obligations for China.

  117. Secondly, the Philippine unilaterally initiated arbitration, which violated China’s right to choose its own dispute settlement method as a party to the Convention. Article 280 of Part XV of the Convention stipulates that "nothing in this Convention shall prejudice the right of any contracting state to agree at any time to settle disputes between them concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention by any peaceful means of its own choice"; Article 281 stipulates that "if the contracting States, as the parties to a dispute concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, have agreed to seek a settlement of the dispute by peaceful means of their own choice, the procedures stipulated in this Part will only be applied if this method has not been resolved and the agreement between the parties to the dispute does not exclude any other procedures". Since China and the Philippines have made a clear choice to resolve disputes through negotiations, the third-party compulsory dispute settlement procedure stipulated in the Convention is not applicable.

  118. Third, the Philippines unilaterally initiated arbitration and abused the dispute settlement procedure of the Convention. The essence of the arbitration initiated by the Philippines is the territorial sovereignty of some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands, and related matters also constitute an inseparable part of the maritime delimitation between China and the Philippines. The issue of land territory does not fall within the scope of adjustment of the Convention. In 2006, China made an exclusionary declaration in accordance with Article 298 of the Convention, excluding disputes involving maritime delimitation, historic bays or ownership, military and law enforcement actions from the dispute settlement procedure of the Convention. The exclusionary declarations made by about 30 countries, including China, constitute an integral part of the dispute settlement mechanism of the Convention. The Philippines maliciously circumvented China’s restrictions that exclusionary statements and land and territorial disputes are not matters regulated by the Convention through packaging appeals, and unilaterally initiated arbitration, which constituted an abuse of the dispute settlement procedure of the Convention.

  119. Fourthly, in order to promote arbitration, the Philippines fabricated facts, misinterpreted laws and fabricated a series of lies:

  — — Knowing that its arbitration claim involves China’s territorial sovereignty in the South China Sea, the Philippines deliberately misinterprets and packages it as an issue of interpretation or application of the Convention.

  — — The Philippines knows that its arbitration claim involves maritime delimitation, and China has made a declaration in accordance with Article 298 of the Convention, excluding disputes including maritime delimitation from the third-party dispute settlement procedure stipulated in the Convention, but it deliberately separates all factors that need to be considered in the process of maritime delimitation and treats them in isolation in an attempt to evade China’s relevant exclusionary statement;

  — — Ignoring the fact that China and the Philippines have never conducted any negotiations on their arbitration matters, the Philippines deliberately misinterpreted some of its consultations with China on general maritime affairs and cooperation as negotiations on arbitration matters, and claimed that bilateral negotiation means had been exhausted on this pretext;

  — — The Philippines claims that it does not seek to determine any territorial ownership or delineate any maritime boundary. However, in the arbitration process, especially in the trial, it has repeatedly denied China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea;

  — — Ignoring China’s consistent position and practice on the South China Sea issue, the Philippines falsely claims that China claims exclusive maritime rights and interests over the whole South China Sea;

  — — The Philippines deliberately exaggerates the historical role of western colonists in the South China Sea, and denies the historical facts and corresponding legal effects of China’s long-term development, management and jurisdiction of relevant waters in the South China Sea;

  — — The Philippines is far-fetched, piecing together evidence that is not relevant and probative, and strongly supporting its claim;

  — — The Philippines interprets the rules of international law at will, citing a large number of highly controversial judicial cases and non-authoritative personal opinions to support its demands.

  120. In short, the unilateral arbitration initiated by the Philippines violates international law, including the dispute settlement mechanism of the Convention. The arbitral tribunal of the South China Sea arbitration case, established at the unilateral request of the Philippines, has no jurisdiction from the beginning, and its award is invalid and not binding. China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea are not affected by the arbitral award under any circumstances. China does not accept or recognize the award, and opposes and does not accept any claims and actions based on the arbitral award.

  V. China’s policy in handling the South China Sea issue.

  121. China is an important force in maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea. China always abides by the purposes and principles of the Charter, firmly upholds and promotes the international rule of law, respects and practices international law, while firmly safeguarding China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, persists in resolving disputes through negotiation and consultation, persists in managing differences through rules and mechanisms, persists in achieving win-win results through mutually beneficial cooperation, and is committed to building the South China Sea into a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation.

  122. China insists on maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea together with regional countries, firmly safeguards the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by all countries in the South China Sea in accordance with international law, actively advocates the efforts of foreign countries to respect regional countries, and plays a constructive role in maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea.

  (1) On the territorial issue of Nansha Islands

  123. China firmly upholds its sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and their adjacent waters. Some countries have put forward illegal territorial claims and occupied some islands and reefs in Nansha Islands by force, which is a serious violation of the Charter and the basic norms of international relations. It is illegal and invalid. China resolutely opposes this and demands that the countries concerned stop invading China’s territory.

  124. China has always been committed to resolving relevant disputes through negotiations with the countries directly concerned, including the Philippines, on the basis of respecting historical facts and in accordance with international law.

  125. As we all know, the issue of land territory is not a matter regulated by the Convention. Therefore, the Convention does not apply to the territorial issue of Nansha Islands.

  (2) On maritime delimitation in the South China Sea.

  126. China maintains that the countries directly concerned should solve the maritime delimitation in the South China Sea fairly through negotiations in accordance with international laws, including the Convention. Before the final settlement of the demarcation issue, all parties should exercise self-restraint and refrain from actions that complicate and enlarge the dispute and affect peace and stability.

  In 1996, when ratifying the Convention, China declared: "People’s Republic of China (PRC) will demarcate its maritime jurisdiction with countries with opposite or adjacent coasts through consultation, on the basis of international law and in accordance with the principle of fairness." In 1998, the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf further clarified the principled position of China in solving the maritime delimitation problem with its maritime neighbors, that is, "If People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s claims on the exclusive economic zone and continental shelf overlap with those of countries with adjacent coasts or opposite coasts, the boundary shall be demarcated by agreement on the basis of international law in accordance with the principle of fairness" and "the provisions of this Law shall not affect the historical rights enjoyed by People’s Republic of China (PRC)".

  128. China does not accept any attempt to impose maritime jurisdiction on China through unilateral actions, nor does it recognize any action that harms China’s maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea.

  (3) About dispute settlement methods

  129. Based on a deep understanding of international practice and China’s own rich national practice, China firmly believes that no matter which mechanism or method is chosen to solve any disputes between countries, it should be based on the consent of the state.

  130. On the issue of territorial and maritime delimitation, China does not accept any dispute settlement scheme imposed on China, nor does it accept any recourse to a third party. On August 25, 2006, China submitted a statement to the Secretary-General of the United Nations in accordance with the provisions of Article 298 of the Convention, stating that "regarding any dispute mentioned in Article 298 (1) (a), (b) and (c) of the Convention, the government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) will not accept any procedures stipulated in Section 2 of Part XV of the Convention", and it is clear that it will involve maritime delimitation, historic bays or.

  ?

  (4) On managing differences in the South China Sea and conducting pragmatic cooperation at sea.

  According to international law and practice, before a maritime dispute is finally settled, the countries concerned should exercise restraint and make every effort to make practical temporary arrangements, including establishing and improving dispute control rules and mechanisms, carrying out cooperation in various fields, promoting "shelving disputes and jointly developing", maintaining peace and stability in the South China Sea and creating conditions for the final settlement of disputes. The relevant cooperation and joint development shall not prejudice the demarcation of the final boundary.

  133. China actively promotes the establishment of bilateral maritime consultation mechanisms with relevant countries to explore joint development in the fields of fisheries, oil and gas, and advocates that relevant countries actively explore the establishment of cooperation mechanisms among coastal countries in the South China Sea in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention.

  China has always been committed to working with ASEAN countries to fully and effectively implement the Declaration and actively promote pragmatic cooperation at sea. It has achieved "early harvest" results, including the establishment of "China-ASEAN joint maritime search and rescue hotline platform", "China-ASEAN senior diplomatic officials hotline platform for responding to maritime emergencies" and "China-ASEAN joint maritime search and rescue sand table deduction".

  135. China has always advocated that all parties actively promote the consultation on the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" within the framework of full and effective implementation of the Declaration, and strive to reach the "Code" at an early date on the basis of consensus. In order to properly control maritime risks before the "Code" is finally reached, China proposed to explore and formulate "preventive measures for maritime risk control", which was unanimously recognized by ASEAN countries.

  (5) Freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea

  136. China has always been committed to safeguarding the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by all countries in accordance with international law and safeguarding the safety of sea lanes.

  137. There are many important navigation channels in the South China Sea, and the related channel is also one of the main channels for China’s foreign trade and energy import. It is very important for China to guarantee the freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea and safeguard the safety of the sea channel in the South China Sea. For a long time, China has been committed to working with ASEAN countries to ensure the smoothness and safety of the South China Sea waterway, and has made significant contributions. There is no problem with the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by countries in the South China Sea according to international law.

  138. China actively provides international public goods, and strives to provide services to the international community, including navigation AIDS, search and rescue, sea conditions and weather forecasts, through various capacity building, so as to ensure and promote the safety of maritime navigation channels in the South China Sea.

  139. China maintains that when all parties concerned exercise freedom of navigation and overflight in the South China Sea, they should fully respect the sovereignty and security interests of coastal States and abide by the laws and regulations formulated by coastal States in accordance with the provisions of the Convention and other rules of international law.

  (6) On jointly safeguarding peace and stability in the South China Sea

  140. China maintains that peace and stability in the South China Sea should be jointly maintained by China and ASEAN countries.

  141. China adheres to the path of peaceful development, the defensive national defense policy, the new security concept of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation, the neighboring foreign policy of being a good neighbor and partner, and the neighboring foreign policy of being good, secure and rich, and practicing the diplomatic concept of being close, sincere, beneficial and tolerant. China is a staunch force for maintaining peace and stability and promoting cooperation and development in the South China Sea. China is committed to deepening good-neighborliness and friendship with neighboring countries, actively promoting pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries and regional organizations such as ASEAN, and achieving mutual benefit and win-win results.

  142. The South China Sea is not only a bridge between China and neighboring countries, but also a link of peace, friendship, cooperation and development between China and neighboring countries. Peace and stability in the South China Sea are closely related to the security, development and prosperity of countries in the region and the well-being of people in the region. Achieving peace, stability, prosperity and development in the South China Sea is the common aspiration and responsibility of China and ASEAN countries, and it is in the common interest of all countries.

  143. China will continue to make unremitting efforts to this end.

Is your city "online celebrity"?

  On April 29th, tourists ate a barbecue in a barbecue city in Zibo.

  Drum, a stage play staged in Datang Furong Garden, Xi ‘an City, Shaanxi Province.

  On May 12th, the night market in Tushan Town, Nan ‘an District, Chongqing was very popular.

On May 7th, in front of the "3D Smiling Wall" of Hubin Pedestrian Street in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, the photographer took a group photo for tourists and Chen Chen, one of the mascots of Hangzhou Asian Games.

On May 7th, in front of the "3D Smiling Wall" of Hubin Pedestrian Street in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, the photographer took a group photo for tourists and Chen Chen, one of the mascots of Hangzhou Asian Games.

  On February 19th, the old street along Xinshi Road, Pengjiang District, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province was crowded with people.

  The scenery of Nianjia Lake in Changsha, Hunan Province, taken on May 8.

  Go to Zibo for a barbecue, visit Orange Island in Changsha, and visit the Kite Museum in Weifang … … During the May Day holiday this year, many "online celebrity cities" attracted tourists from all over the country, and the tourism consumption market was booming.

  Zibo, a new "online celebrity city", is very popular with tourists. According to statistics, the overall tourist orders in Zibo on May 1st increased by 441% compared with that in 2019, and the number of tourists received on the first day of the "Eight General Convenience Markets" holiday in online celebrity’s punching place exceeded 120,000. Changsha, a veteran "online celebrity city", also performed well. By 14: 00 on May 3rd, 27 tourist attractions in Changsha had received 1,949,500 tourists during the five-day holiday, and realized a total revenue of 92,105,100 yuan.

  For all cities, "becoming popular" is not the ultimate goal, but "growing red" is the long-term pursuit. How to Develop "online celebrity City" in the Long Term?

  "online celebrity City" has its own unique temperament.

  "One table, one furnace, one burrito, dipping sauce, rolling meat and putting onions … …” With a unique sense of ceremony and eating method, Zibo barbecue became popular on the Internet. Since this spring, topics such as "organizing a group to have a barbecue in Zibo" have been frequently listed in the hot search list of Weibo and the list of cities in Tik Tok, which has become a phenomenal topic. With the help of social media traffic, Zibo has become a new "online celebrity City".

  Online traffic quickly turned into offline enthusiasm — — According to the data report released by WeChat on May 1, 2023, the average daily consumption of tourism-related industries in Zibo increased by 73% month-on-month, and the average daily consumption of tourists in local small and medium-sized businesses in Zibo increased by nearly 40% month-on-month.

  Zibo is not the first "online celebrity City". Previously, in the north and south of the great river, many cities stood out from the dividends brought by the Internet. And these cities have unique characteristics.

  The fireworks in Orange Island and the light show on both sides of Xiangjiang River have created the label of "romantic city" in Changsha, Hunan; The leisurely teahouse and the diversified and inclusive fashion street circle combine the comfortable and comfortable atmosphere of Chengdu, Sichuan; The "8D magic" terrain and the popular scenic spot Hongyadong make Chongqing an "old online celebrity" … … With their unique scenery and delicious food, these cities have gained a lot of traffic on the Internet, and become one of the "online celebrity cities", gaining high attention and strong influence.

  The most common symbols in the city can often cause emotional resonance, and then promote people to appreciate and miss the city. In an interview with this newspaper, Zhang Zhian, a professor at Fudan University’s School of Journalism, believes that "online celebrity City" often has its own characteristics. "We see a ‘ Online celebrity City ’ One is flow, and the other is a cultural or emotional trait that will be recognized by today’s young people. Behind the traffic is a spiritual temperament, such as entertainment spirit, which often connects with the mentality of young people. "

  Such as Changsha. Full of youthful vitality, it has become a spiritual trait of this city. In the major business districts, neon lights and cars come and go; The fisherman’s wharf is breezy and the lobster is fragrant; Singing and laughing at the lakeside concert … … In Changsha, where there will be traffic jams at three or four in the morning, people crowded into food stalls at night and enjoyed the energetic atmosphere of the city that never sleeps. The story of the liberation of the West Night in the documentary, the scenes of the major night markets in Changsha in the news, and the topic of "At 4: 30 in the morning, the streets of Changsha are crowded with people" have formed the urban characteristics of "Youth Changsha" in the quiet, attracting people from online to offline, leaving home and punching in Changsha. In August, 2022, China City Night Economic Impact Report (2021— 2022), Changsha ranked second in "Top Ten Night Economy in China".

  "This kind of youth culture and youthful vitality is a sign of Changsha. In a sense, Changsha exists for young people. " Chen Gang, Chairman of Changsha CPPCC, said at the 5th China Wenlv New Marketing Summit.

  Another example is Zibo. This new "online celebrity City" has become the projection and carrier of many people’s inner needs. In the short mobile video, people are infected by the simple and attractive culture here. A ticket that says "go and go" on weekends can achieve a short-term emotional release. "Fireworks" in "Zibo Barbecue" bears people’s pursuit of a better life.

  As the local people in Zibo say, the small stove for barbecue in Zibo represents temperature, the small cake represents tolerance, and the spring onion represents boldness. On the one hand, there is no lack of cultural significance in food.

  How to build a "online celebrity City"

  From Chongqing, online celebrity, Changsha, Hunan, and Xi ‘an, Shaanxi, to Ganzi, Sichuan, and Suizhou, Hubei, which were set on fire by local cultural tourism bureau chiefs, to Jiangmen, Guangdong, and Dali, Yunnan, which became a hit because of popular TV dramas, and to Zibo, Shandong, which always dominated Weibo’s hot search, "online celebrity City" has not only characteristic symbols, but also cultural elements and urban details.

  How to build a "online celebrity City" has become a topic of interest to more and more cities. Some cities hold special seminars, some cities make a special trip to Zibo to study, and some cities write them into urban planning … …

  Judging from past experience, the emergence of "online celebrity City" is indeed inseparable from local efforts.

  For example, in order to further promote the integration of culture and tourism, Jiangmen City, the location of TV drama The Knockout, has produced VR panoramic view of scenic spots in Changdi historical and cultural block and the sign of punch-in point. Visitors only need to scan the code to learn about the scenic spots in The Knockout and the cultural history behind them, and follow the plot to stroll through the century-old street and deeply feel the old times here.

  For another example, in Changsha Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Hall, located in Orange Island Scenic Area, Hunan embroidery, dough sculpture making skills, xiang opera facial painting and many other intangible projects provide visitors with a deep cultural experience; Various light and shadow art venues, youth centers, cultural and creative spaces, exhibition halls, etc., allow visitors to deeply understand the local history, culture and humanistic charm.

  Another example is the 14th Five-Year Plan for Chongqing’s Cultural and Tourism Development (2021— In 2025), it is clearly pointed out that it is necessary to establish and improve the IP collaborative innovation mechanism for the integration of literature and tourism, formulate and introduce support policies for original intellectual property rights, further develop practical cultural and creative alliances, promote cultural empowerment tourism, and fully tap all kinds of cultural relics, literature and art, intangible cultural heritage and other human resources.

  Red, the test is not only the glamorous side of the city, but also the supporting safeguard measures. Once it doesn’t conform to the word of mouth, or changes quickly, "online celebrity City" will face the risk of "red" turning to "black".

  In Zibo, after the barbecue "out of the circle", the local authorities immediately launched a series of measures to facilitate the people and benefit the people. In order to cope with the large passenger flow, the local bus routes were adjusted in time and barbecue maps were introduced for diversion; The government took the lead in standardizing the accommodation price, and investigated the hotels whose prices increased by 1.5 times. The public toilets in the scenic spot have intimately prepared sanitary napkins and gastrointestinal anti-inflammatory drugs for tourists; Local men, women and children go into battle together, serve as volunteers to provide services for foreign tourists, and open their arms to the whole country with sincere attitude … … Zibo, a small city, has won people’s praise for its honesty and enthusiasm. According to the data of Meituan, the number of accommodation bookings in Zibo on May 1 this year increased by 800% compared with that in 2019, ranking first in Shandong, and its reputation has been maintained at a high level.

  Some netizens commented, "You think people are promoting barbecue, but in fact they are promoting residents’ quality, administrative team’s ability and a good business environment." "Zibo barbecue is not a string, and it cares about people’s livelihood, boosting popularity, promoting consumption, revitalizing the economy, building image, creating culture and increasing confidence."

  In Chongqing, promoting the improvement of tourism environment has become an important task. As Qin Dingbo, deputy director of Chongqing Cultural Tourism Commission, said, with the attention of the city and the accelerated improvement of the tourism environment, the next step is to make what kind of products to attract tourists to stay. Relevant parties in Chongqing said that the next step will continue to promote the quality of product supply. In addition to upgrading a number of scenic spots in online celebrity, such as Hongyadong, Liziba Light Rail and ciqikou ancient town, we will also launch a number of boutique tourist routes around red tourism, urban tourism, Three Gorges tourism and rural tourism, and strive to build a number of iconic, driving and original tourist brands.

  Let the city move from "online celebrity" to "Changhong"

  A city can become "online celebrity" by virtue of the spread of a certain scenic spot or event. But to achieve the "long red" state, you need to provide good experience and feelings for a long time.

  In Zhang Zhian’s view, "online celebrity City" and "Changhong" need planning, marketing, scenes, sharing, spreading and connecting. He believes that a long-term sustainable "online celebrity city" is composed of many factors: first, a developed industrial economy, so as to attract more young people to work here; The second is a livable living environment, and people can have a good consumption experience; The third is a certain cultural accumulation, and the city has its own spiritual symbols and spiritual characteristics. "Short-term hot cities do not mean that they must be cities that continue to exude charm. It is also necessary to effectively transform this flow and become a driving force for sustainable urban development."

  The practice of Hangzhou is worth learning. In this southern city, Wulin Road in the center of the city is always brightly lit and tourists fly by, and the prosperous night economy lights up the night; A number of interesting landmarks such as "the most beautiful runway", "big and small lotus", the gate of Hangzhou and the Internet of Things Street are constantly appearing; China cartoon museum, China Network Writers Village and other national IP names have successively settled down; E-commerce, Internet of Things, Internet finance and other emerging industries are booming, providing people with a new track for development … … Under the organic combination of various elements, the charm of Hangzhou has continued to increase for a long time.

  In an interview with this newspaper, Talia Liu, an associate professor at Communication Research Institute of Communication University of China, said: "Really long-lasting ‘ Online celebrity City ’ , to be able to generate economic and emotional links with the local. ‘ Online celebrity City ’ Our growth and development is a process of activating internal motivation, integrating external resources, and then external resources can drive internal motivation, and finally form a United community. The core driving force is human strength. "

  Some analysts believe that "online celebrity City" focuses on highlighting its characteristics. It should not only learn from the success of other cities, but also combine its own historical heritage, regional culture and the requirements of the times to create its own urban spirit, establish an image externally and unite people at home.

  From "online celebrity" to "Changhong", "online celebrity City" combines its own advantages and constantly explores the road of urban industrial transformation and upgrading.

  For example, Weifang High-tech Zone. Here, we focus on the Meta-Universe digital tourism industry. At present, we have laid out professional parks such as Meta-Universe Future Innovation Valley and Liandong U Valley, and gathered 8 key enterprises such as Goer and Tongxin Vision, focusing on building a number of projects such as Kashgar Meta-Universe digital tourism base and Meta-Universe digital technology research and development to shape the advantages of the tourism industry. The person in charge of Weifang High-tech Zone told the author that in the next step, we will build an industrial platform based on parks such as Meta Universe Future Innovation Valley, cultivate and introduce a number of leading enterprises and high-quality projects, and explore the application of "Meta Universe+Cultural Travel".

  Looking at Changsha again, Malanshan Video Cultural and Creative Industry Park has gathered more than 4,000 upstream and downstream enterprises in the video cultural and creative industry chain. It has scientific and technological innovation forces such as Huawei Cloud Audio and Video Innovation, Volcano Engine, Malanshan Computer Media Research Institute and 5G Key Laboratory, which has promoted the competitiveness and influence of Changsha Cultural and Creative Industry. At the 2023 National Conference on Cultural and Tourism Industry Development, Malanshan Video Wenchuang Industrial Park was awarded the "National Cultural Industry Demonstration Park".

  Maintaining the strength of "Changhong" is inseparable from the strength of talents.

  At this point, Xi’ an continues to exert its strength. In January this year, Xi ‘an issued the "Implementation Opinions on Further Strengthening Talent Work to Promote High-quality Development in Xi ‘an", proposing to strengthen talent work to promote high-quality development, implement a more active, open and effective talent policy, and strive to build Xi ‘an into a source of innovation, an industrial integration place and a first-class talent selection place with various talents, broad development space and excellent ecology.

  "I especially hope that most cities in China have ‘ Online celebrity gene ’ 。” Zhang Zhian told the author, "I hope that different cities can find their own personalities, find different ways of development, and finally let people choose in so many different cities."

  interlinkage

  Iterative "online celebrity City"

  "online celebrity" was originally the abbreviation of the word "Internet red man". Now, everything that has high traffic and is widely concerned on the Internet is often labeled as "online celebrity". Online celebrity Campus, online celebrity Cuisine, online celebrity Landmark … … The scope of "online celebrity" is constantly expanding, and "online celebrity City" came into being.

  What are the types and stages of "online celebrity City"? In this regard, the media and academic circles are inconclusive and the classification methods are different.

  Some observers believe that the development of "online celebrity City" has experienced three generations. Before the popularization of the Internet, Xiamen, Lijiang and other cities consciously put image advertisements in the media, which can be called "online celebrity City" and "Veteran". The second generation, represented by Xi ‘an and Chongqing, exploded on the short video platform. In the third generation, the city image is closer to the aesthetics of young people, and Changsha is one of them.

  Some scholars have analyzed that "online celebrity City" has developed into the 4.0 era. In the 1.0 era, it was mainly a city famous for its natural scenery, such as Lijiang and Dali. In the era of 2.0, the artificial urban landscape was circled, and the typical representatives were Chongqing, Chengdu, Xi ‘an and other cities. In the era of 3.0, "eat, drink and be merry" was the key word, such as "Super Wen He You" in Changsha, which attracted much attention. The era of 4.0 is the "industrial era", and Zibo, which relies on the "consumer service industry", is a typical representative.

  (Xu Yujie finishing)

A new round of oil price adjustment will probably refresh the biggest increase this year.

  At 24 o’clock on April 17 (next Monday), the eighth round of price adjustment window will be ushered in this year.

  According to industry estimates, as of April 13th, the eighth working day of this round of refined oil price adjustment, the change rate of reference crude oil is 12.01%, and it is estimated that domestic refined oil will be raised by 510 yuan/ton, which translates into an increase of 0.40 yuan/liter to 0.44 yuan/liter.

  There are still two working days before the final price adjustment date. Judging from the current data of crude oil change rate, the oil price will probably refresh the biggest increase this year next Monday night.

  It is worth noting that the first seven rounds of oil price adjustment this year have shown a pattern of "2 up, 3 down and 2 stranded", and the last two rounds of price adjustment have been lowered.

  According to the current formation mechanism of refined oil prices, the main basis of domestic refined oil price adjustment is the change rate of the weighted average price of international crude oil prices in ten working days compared with the weighted average price of international crude oil prices in the last cycle.

  In other words, the expected upward adjustment of domestic refined oil prices in this round is related to the upward trend of international oil prices in this price adjustment cycle.

  Judging from the latest international oil price, as of the close of April 12, the futures price of light crude oil for May delivery in the New York Mercantile Exchange rose by $1.73 to close at $83.26 per barrel, an increase of 2.12%; London Brent crude oil futures for June delivery rose by $1.72 to close at $87.33 a barrel, an increase of 2.01%.

  In fact, the recent surge in international oil prices is mainly affected by the news that oil-producing countries have announced joint production cuts. Over the past week or so, the international oil price has increased by about 9%.

  In the news, on April 2, several oil-producing countries announced that they would voluntarily cut crude oil production from May to the end of 2023.

  Specifically, Saudi Arabia will implement a plan to voluntarily reduce production by 500,000 barrels per day from May until the end of 2023. Kuwait will voluntarily cut its oil production by 128,000 barrels per day from May until the end of 2023.

  The UAE oil minister said that it will voluntarily reduce oil production by 144,000 barrels per day from May to the end of 2023. Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Energy said that Kazakhstan will contribute 78,000 barrels per day to OPEC+ production reduction.

  Russian Deputy Prime Minister Novak said that Russia will voluntarily reduce oil production by 500,000 barrels per day until the end of 2023. Algeria will cut its oil production by 48,000 barrels per day from May to the end of 2023.

  Oman’s Ministry of Energy and Mines said it would voluntarily reduce its oil production by 40,000 barrels per day from May until the end of 2023.

  According to the first financial reporter, the global crude oil supply is highly concentrated, and OPEC, Russia and the United States account for nearly half of the global crude oil supply, which is the main source of marginal variables of supply. Among them, OPEC and Russia actively regulate supply by setting production quotas, which means that changes in their production policies can have a greater impact on the balance between supply and demand of oil products.

  "OPEC+ suddenly announced a further reduction of production by 1.6 million barrels per day, and the international oil price rose rapidly. WTI once again broke through 80 US dollars per barrel. We believe that there is still room for upward growth in crude oil prices in April." Guosen Securities analysis said.

  Looking forward to the market outlook, Lu Qiaohui, an analyst of Jinlianchuang refined oil products, believes that international crude oil may maintain a volatile trend, and there are still three working days from the price adjustment window. It is a foregone conclusion that the retail price of this round will be greatly raised. "Affected by this, the final price adjustment of this round of retail price is expected to be around 500 yuan/ton, when the retail price will rise sharply, or it will usher in the biggest increase in the year."

In the name of the group, the new storm staged the "annual drama" and the scene of milk tea "tears collapsed"

In the name of the group

The art training and education program "In the Name of the Group", produced by Uniactor Entertainment and broadcast by Youku alone, will have its third Show Time tonight (March 14th). In the final, the "walk-in" seat was opened, the puppet was rehearsed all night, and the stage monitor of the performance, Milk Tea, cried into a "tearful person"; In order to celebrate the birthday of Yang Bing Zhuo, the new storm collectively staged the "annual drama", and Zhou Yixuan turned his face at the scene.

At the performance, the milk tea cried into a "tearful person". The lightning young class set up a Flag to "sit firmly first"

The competition system of this program has been brutally upgraded. After the public performance, half of the classes will face leaving school, and six classes will be PK in the form of wheel-and-wheel competition. The class with the first performance in the public performance will directly get the "admission ticket" for the graduation performance. The rest of the classes are ranked according to the online beam value, and the three classes with lower scores will be disqualified from participating in the graduation performance.

In the face of the performance of Max, the puppet monitor switched to super strict personality, shouting that "we only have a chance if we win the first place", and let the freshmen call "he seems to have changed a person recently", but after the performance, the milk tea did not know why the scene "burst into tears", which made the class members shout "distressed".

The lightning kindergarten class, which has always had a happy atmosphere in training, has also become very serious in the preparation for this performance. In the face of the "stage accident" that keeps happening during rehearsal, AJ Lai Yuzhe gathered the freshmen of the class and bluntly said, "This time, I must be serious."

In the name of the group

Tacit test Pearain failed to bet on the topic Zhou Yixuan acting off the charts "frightened" Yang Bingzhuo.

In this program, not only the performance stage is eye-catching, but also the freshmen have opened a big test of class tacit understanding. Pearain, the squad leader of Xingyao class, was confident to "bet on the topic", but he suffered a "critical strike" for three consecutive times, and the freshmen in the class called "the black hole of the exam"; The photos of freshmen’s childhood were also exposed on the screen for the first time. Zhou Yixuan answered the question "five-game losing streak", and members of the new storm shouted "Brother Xuan is going to lose me!" . In addition, they also staged an "annual drama". During the training, Zhou Yixuan, the squad leader, "turned his face" and slammed the door to leave. Yang Bingzhuo pushed the door to appease Brother Xuan’s mood but got a surprise birthday.

There are still many surprising moments waiting for you to find out on the stage of this performance. Which of the six classes can directly advance to the final? What kind of evaluation does the teachers’ group have on their performance? Please look forward to more exciting, tonight’s "In the Name of the Group" broadcast by Youku alone!

In 2015, the new works of the four major film companies in Korea: the return of famous directors is diverse.


CJ

     Special feature of 1905 film network In 2014, "Battle of Ming Liang" set a record in the history of Korean film, with the cumulative number of people watching movies exceeding 17 million, which also encouraged the Korean film industry to prepare for the next box office masterpiece and hit a new high. Recently, CJ, Lotte Entertainment, Showbox and NEW, the four major film companies in South Korea, have successively announced their new work plans for 2015, which are dazzling and full of expectations. CJ is the most dominant in quantity, and its types and styles are naturally diversified. Lotte Entertainment focuses on costume films and time dramas, and Showbox has many famous directors’ return works, while most of NEW’s new films have unique themes and stories. 1905 Movie Network specially combed the list of new works of various companies in 2015. Come and see what you are interested in.
 
CJ E&M: the largest number of types and diverse styles.

    CJ E&M is a well-deserved "big brother", with abundant funds and superior strength. It integrates planning, production and distribution, and also owns CGV cinema. Ming Liang Hai Zhan, which set a new box office record in South Korea this summer, is a film released by CJ, and will soon land on the big screen in China. Next year, CJ will release the largest number of films with rich types, including romance, drama, thriller and costume films.

So beautiful

Director: Hyeon-Seok Kim Starring: Jin Yunshi/Han Xiaozhu/JUNG WOO/Jin Xiai

    "So Beautiful" brings the story of the 20-year-old C’est si bon members such as Zhao Yingnan, Song Changzhi, Yin Hengzhu and Li Zhangxi to the big screen, full of retro style. The film takes the fictional character Gentai as the protagonist, and will start a new story. JUNG WOO and Jin Yunshi play the hero Gentai’s youth and middle age respectively. While actresses Han Xiaozhu and Jin Xiai play the leading role in the youth and middle age respectively. Director Hyeon-Seok Kim has directed films such as Guangzhi’s younger brother Guangtai and Love Operation Group.

veteran

Director: Liu Chengyong Starring: Huang Zhengmin/Yoo Ah In/Yun ju Chang

    "Veteran" tells the story of veterans of a wide-area search team who repeatedly miss the suspect. Xu Daozhe, a criminal policeman played by Huang Zhengmin, has his own principles, and he chooses to face it directly no matter what happens. "Veteran" is also the third time that Huang Zhengmin cooperated with director Liu Chengyong after "Improper Trading". Zhao Thames, the third chaebol played by Yoo Ah In, seems confident on the surface, but his inferiority complex is hidden in his heart. Previously, Yoo Ah In was a boy image that made people feel warm in films such as "Young Won" and "Strong Zhe", but this time, he will completely transform himself into a man with strong male charm in "Veteran". Liu Haizhen plays "Cui Changzhi" under "Zhao Thames", who is a very calm figure and will bring tension to the development of the plot. And Dal-su Oh is a good helper of "Xu Daozhe" and "Captain Wu". In addition, Man-sik Jeong, Zheng Xiongren, Yun ju Chang, Jin Shihou, Chen Jing, Liu Renying and other actors appeared.

Today’s love

Director: Jin-pyo Park Starring: Li Shengji/Moon Chae Won

    Today’s Love is about the relationship between men and women that changes like the weather. It is a comedy love story, which will be directed by Jin-pyo Park, the director of films such as You are my destiny, That guy’s voice and My Love is by My Side. This film is also Li Shengji’s big-screen debut, and it is expected to show a completely different look from previous TV dramas and variety shows. Moon Chae Won returned to the big screen three years after The Final Weapon: Bow. She will play the beautiful, eloquent and mobile weather program host Xianyu in the new film, and will also change her gentle image and perform a 180-degree acting transformation.

Longevity chamber of commerce

Director: Jiang Digui Starring: Geun-hyeong Park/Yin Ruzhen

    "Longevity Chamber of Commerce" previously had titles such as "Greetings from Love" and "The Last First Love", which told the story of old couples’ yellow love and family affection. The film is joined by actors such as Geun-hyeong Park, Yin Ruzhen, Zhao Zhenxiong, Han Zhimin, Woo seul hye Hwang, Wen Jiaying and EXO Canlie. It tells the story of the upcoming redevelopment project in the village, and the only person who disagrees is the stubborn old man "Chengqi" (played by Geun-hyeong Park) of Changshou Supermarket, who accidentally meets Ginny (played by Yin Ruzhen) and falls in a romantic love affair. He never thought it was a premeditated honey trap. The film brings warm family love and the love of the elderly into the film, showing the audience an image different from that of the elderly in previous film and television dramas. Director Jiang Digui has directed many blockbusters before, such as Bed under the Ginkgo Tree, Life and Death, Flying Tai Chi Flag, Landing Day, etc. The Longevity Chamber of Commerce this time focuses on the subtle feelings of the characters, and how he will change his previous style and bring a film is also the focus of the film industry.

Guest

Director: Gwang-tae Kim Starring: Seung-yong Ryoo/Li Chengmin/Lee Joon

    The Guest, directed by Gwang-tae Kim, a newcomer, tells the story of a father and son coming to a secret village in the late Korean War. Seung-yong Ryoo will play the man who comes to the village, Li Chengmin will play the village head, and Li Biao will play the role of Nan Zhu, the youngest son of the village head, opposite Seung-yong Ryoo. Lee Joon, who was born as an idol singer, has previously appeared in film and television dramas such as Ninja Assassin, Actor Is Actor, Ji Tongyi, etc., which can be described as a blue chip among the new actors of Zhongwulu (the representative of Korean film industry).

Don’t forget me

Director: Li Yunzhen Starring: Jung Woo Sung/Jin Hena/Ju-wan On

    Li Yunzhen, the director of the film, once worked as a screenwriter for Sweet and Dark Lover and Goodfellas, Bad Guys and Weird Guys, and later worked as a screenwriter for the short film The Old Man in front of the Killer directed by Jung Woo Sung, and met Jung Woo Sung. The new film "Don’t Forget Me" is also produced by Jung Woo Sung and starred by himself. This film is also Jin Hena’s return to the big screen after three years, and her last film was Pet Lover in 2011. Based on the short film of the same name, the film is re-planned and adapted into a long film, which tells the anxiety and pain experienced by a man who has lost his memory.

The Age of Innocence

Director: Sang-hoon Ahn Starring: Shin Ha-kyun/Z Ryan/Kang Han na/KangHaNeul

    Director Sang-hoon Ahn has previously directed "A Niang" and "Blindness" and won the attention of the film industry. It is also very curious that this costume film is an erotic film for the first time. The film is adapted from the first prince’s rebellion in the Lee Dynasty of Korea, which is called "Wuyin Jingshe Society". It tells the story of a prostitute who approached the hero for revenge but fell in love with her enemy. It is also known as the Korean version of Lust, Caution. Kang Han na, who was a topical figure in the opening ceremony of the 18th Busan Film Festival, has appeared in The Crying Man and Friends 2, and this time he is expected to be another Tang Wei in The Age of Innocence.

Himalaya

Director: Seok-hoon Lee Starring: Huang Zhengmin/JUNG WOO

    Seok-hoon Lee, the director of One Pirate, who won the box office this summer, will direct a new film, Himalaya, which is based on a true story. The hero is also changed from the previously reported Jin Mingmin to Huang Zhengmin. The film tells the story of a Korean mountaineer, Park Woo-jae, who was killed while climbing Mount Everest at an altitude of 8750M in 2004. In order to find the remains of his companions and make them rest in peace, Yan Hongji led a delegation to Mount Everest and started a new expedition. On May 29th, Yan Hongji and his team members lived up to expectations, found the body of Park Wu-zhai at 8700 M, held a grand burial ceremony at the top of the snow-capped roof of the world, and erected a monument to commemorate it. At that time, after this incident was exposed, it also caused a wave of emotion. The film is expected to be shot in the snow-capped mountains in Nepal and other places to show a more realistic view of the snow-capped mountains.

Detective Hong Jitong

Director: Cao Chengxi Starring: Li Dixun/Go Ara/Jin Chengjun

    Detective Hong Jitong is directed by Cao Chengxi, the director of The Beast’s End and Wolf Boys, and tells the story of a young private detective, Hong Jitong, in the 1990s. This film is also the big-screen return of Li Dixun who just retired at the end of July. In 2010, Li Dixun won the attention with the independent film Watcher, and then successively appeared in films such as Highland War, Introduction to Architecture, My Pavarotti, etc., and became a blue chip of Zhongwu Road, which also gained a high popularity. Jin Chengjun played a serial murderer in the movie Neighbor, and Dong Fan, the father of five kidnappers, was the best at using knives in Huayi: The Child Who Swallows Monsters. This time, he will play a completely different villain role in Detective Hong Jitong, which also makes fans look forward to it.

Home full of happiness

Director: Lee Kyoung-mi Starring: Son Ye Jin/Jin Zhuhe

    A Home Full of Happiness is a thriller with a completely different title, which tells the story of a couple of politicians who run for Congress with the goal of a happy future and encounter terrible events during the election. Son Ye Jin, who starred in My Wife Married, My Damn Girlfriend, Accomplice and Skyscraper, became the box office goddess in the Korean film industry with The One Pirate with 8.5 million viewers this year. This time, after My Wife Married, she will play husband and wife with Jin Zhuhe again after six years. They will play husband Zhong Zan and wife Yan Hong respectively in the film. Lee Kyoung-mi, the director, won the honor of Best Newcomer Director in the 29th Qinglong Film Awards for her debut film Miss Carrot in 2008.

Peach and plum flower song

Director: Jong-pil Lee Starring: Seung-yong Ryoo/Suzy Bae/Jin Nanji

    Pansori is a traditional narrative rap art in North Korea, and Song of Peach and Plum Flowers is a short song written by Shen Zaixiao, a famous composer of Pansori in the Gaozong period of North Korea, for the sake of his disciple Chen Caixian. The film of the same name is also expected to tell the story of the master and apprentice. Xiuzhi, who became the "national first love" by starring in "Introduction to Architecture" before, returned to the big screen this time and played the first female singer Chen Caixian in North Korea. Chen Caixian was born in a poor family and unfortunately fell into a brothel, breaking the prejudice of the times that only men could sing Pansori, and growing into the first female singer in North Korea. The master of Caixian, Shen Zaixiao, is played by Seung-yong Ryoo, a first-line actor who has starred in blockbuster films such as "Two-faced Kings" and "Gift from Room 7". Jin Nanji plays Xing Xuan Da Yuan Jun, the father of Emperor Gaozong of North Korea. In the early days of Emperor Gaozong’s reign, Xing Xuan Da Yuan Jun was actually the highest authority. Xing Xuan Yuan Jun likes Pan Suoli very much and fell in love with Caixian at first sight. However, Caixian loves his master Shen Zaixiao. He used his right to keep Caixian around until he lost power and influence, and Caixian left him to look for his master, who was seriously ill and dying.

Time Breaker

Director: Guo Zairong Starring: Cho Jung Seok/Lin Xiujing/lee jin Uk

    The Time Breaker was directed by Guo Zairong, the film director of My Savage Girlfriend and If Love Had God’s Will. The film mainly tells the story of two men falling in love with the same woman, which existed in the past and now respectively. Guo Zairong’s previous films have a unique perspective on depicting love, and this new film is bound to show the characteristics of director Guo Zairong. For the first time since her debut, Lin Xiujing played Yunzhen in 1983, who was about to marry Zhihuan, a music teacher played by Cho Jung Seok, and Su En in 2015, and solved the puzzle together with Jianyu, a criminal policeman played by lee jin Uk.

The angry lawyer

Director: Jong-ho Heo Starring: Li Shanjun/Ko Eun Kim/Zhang Xuancheng

    The new film Angry Lawyers, directed by Countdown director Jong-ho Heo, tells a bizarre murder case. Only the suspect can’t find the evidence and the body. Lawyers and prosecutors work together to uncover the story behind the incident. The lawyer played by Li Shanjun has always been victorious, and he believes that winning in court is justice. The prosecutor played by Ko Eun Kim has the strong belief of judicial personnel. Two people have opposing opinions on big and small things, but they finally work together to solve the case. Zhang Xuancheng plays the client of the case and is also the president of the company. Won-hie Lim’s purser Park stood by Li Shanjun’s side to support him. The film will be released in South Korea in 2015.

Giant

Director: Jin Taiyong Starring: Choi Woo-shik/Soo-hyun Kim

    Giant has attracted much attention because it was invited to participate in the screening of the 19th Busan International Film Festival "Today’s Korean Film". This film was also made by director Jin Taiyong based on his own experience, and director Jin Taiyong was the youngest Korean director to be shortlisted for Cannes International Film Festival. Choi Woo-shik’s performance in this film is impressive. Choi Woo-shik has played a supporting role in many TV dramas, such as Hidden and Great, Wang Shizi on the Roof, Rooted in the Tree, etc. This time, he starred in Giant, which attracted much attention, and some Korean media thought that he would become another new acting actor discovered at Busan Film Festival after Ha Jung Woo and Li Dixun.


Text/Warm sunny, orange KINOMOTO SAKURA


Next page: Lotte Entertainment’s new film in 2015

Hot pot before 1900, so particular.

Nowadays, there is nothing that hot pot can’t fix. If one meal can’t be done, then have another one. Visible hot pot charm. In fact, in ancient times, hot pot was already a well-known "palace dish". The members of the royal family, Zhong Qianlong and Cixi, were enthusiastic fans of hot pot, and the royal banquet guests also liked to eat hot pot. When Emperor Jiaqing ascended the throne, he held a "thousand banquets". According to statistics, 1550 hot pots were used at that time, which was called the biggest hot pot banquet in history.

People in the Han Dynasty were so particular about eating hot pot.

In the Song Dynasty, hot pot has become a popular food. At that time, there was a custom of "warm winter" among the people, and a "heater meeting" was held on the first day of October every year. Meng Yuan’s "Dream of Tokyo" contains: "In October, there will be charcoal in the stove, and people will buy wine for the stove party." On this day, every family will celebrate around their own stove, or have a barbecue or a hot pot.

However, in the Western Han Dynasty, people began to use "dyeing cups" and "dyeing stoves", that is, small hot pots used by single people in ancient times. Obviously, "dyeing cup" and "dyeing furnace" are the embryonic forms of contemporary hot pot utensils.

Bronze Wending (Western Han Dynasty) Unearthed from Liu He’s Tomb

It is recorded in Lv’s Spring and Autumn Annals that "dyed soy sauce is also available" and "dyed cup" is mainly filled with sauces and salts. The stove under the copper dyeing machine is used to heat the sauce.

Ancient dyeing furnace

Because hot pot was only eaten by aristocrats at that time, "dyeing furnace" was very popular among aristocrats. Some of them were a combination of furnace and cup, and it was important to add a tray under the dyeing furnace to receive the ashes of charcoal fire.

For example, a set of dyeing stoves excavated in the tomb of Liu He, a sea faint, consists of three parts: ear cups, charcoal stoves and chassis, which are exquisitely made and very particular.

In the Han Dynasty, there were all kinds of hot pot utensils. From the material point of view, there were not only bronze hot pot, iron hot pot and pottery hot pot, but also Yuanyang pot, which was used to cook different dishes.

It is said that Liu Fei, the king of Jiangdu in the Western Han Dynasty, loved hot pot very much, and what he ate was a "griddle ding" similar to a mandarin duck pot. However, the closest thing to the current Yuanyang pot is the "five-cooked kettle" used by the people in the Three Kingdoms period, which has five compartments, which are similar to the current Yuanyang pot, and five flavors can be simultaneously transferred in the five compartments to facilitate eating.

Winter in Qing dynasty

It must smell of hot pot.

Hot pot with a history of 1900 years became popular in Ming and Qing Dynasties. At that time, there were not only hot pot dishes such as "raw mutton" and "cooked beef", but also the craft of making utensils was more elaborate. Eating hot pot was very popular in Qing dynasty, which was an indispensable delicacy in winter court, and the tableware of hot pot was also dazzling.

In Yuan Mei’s explosive cookbook Suiyuan Food List, it is also mentioned that "in winter, guests are accustomed to hot pot", and the nobles of the palace are also very fond of hot pot. The degree of love of hot pot by Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi mentioned at the beginning of the article promoted the diversification of hot pot in Qing Dynasty.

Diamond fancy hotpot with cloisonne enamel pattern (late Qing Dynasty)

Hua Enamel Flower Wen Xi Zi Hotpot (Qing) Collected by the Palace Museum

Yinshouzi hot pot is said to be a favorite of Empress Dowager Cixi.

It is reported that Ganlong has visited Jiangnan many times, and every time he goes, he has hot pot. According to the Collection of Archives and Historical Materials of Qing Dynasty, on the 10th day of the first month of the forty-eighth year of Qianlong, Qianlong held a 530-table palace hot pot banquet, with "two hot pots per table".

Jin Yi’s "Maid-in-waiting Talk to Record" records: "Every winter, we have to eat hot pot for three months in the palace. From October 15th of the lunar calendar, hot pot will be added to every meal. The pot will not be removed until the sixteenth day of the first month of the following year. "

Cixi is even more creative in eating hot pot. She created a chrysanthemum hot pot-the bottom of the pot is chicken juice or broth. When boiling, she put in a few slices of raw chicken and fish fillets, and covered the pot to stew for a while. Open the lid again and put in the carefully treated Jin Ju petals. This chrysanthemum hot pot later became a famous court dish.

Nowadays, hot pots have spread all over the streets, whether it’s a spicy hot pot full of spicy flavor or a sour soup hot pot full of fragrance, it’s only a "happy" when you go down. Winter has arrived, eating hot pot is just the time, about three or five friends or a family get together and sit around. Talk about the history of hot pot while eating it. After all, people are 1900 years old.

It’s time to play the sideline ~

Write | Jane

Hangzhou dog immunization spot was crowded and even the stock immunization certificate was used up.

  "Hello, is this the place to apply for vaccination for dogs?"

  At 9 o’clock yesterday morning, Jamlom, who just moved to Hangzhou from Wenzhou for half a month, came to Hangzhou Yunlai Pet Hospital. Because of the job transfer, she brought her dog in Wenzhou to Hangzhou, so she had to apply for a new license. Unexpectedly, the team with the dog’s immunization certificate at the door has actually been lined up on the road.

  "In the past week, hospitals have all come to vaccinate dogs, and more than 100 dogs have to be vaccinated and immunized every day." Villi, vice chairman of Hangzhou Small Animal Diagnosis and Treatment Industry Association and president of Yunlai Animal Hospital, told Qianbao that all the hospital staff were vaccinated this week, and there was no time for consultation.

  The number of dogs vaccinated has soared.

  There are at least 800 vaccinations a day.

  "Canine rabies is a disease that is compulsory in Hangzhou, that is to say, rabies vaccine for dogs is completely free. Dogs that have been vaccinated will have an immunization certificate supervised by Hangzhou Agriculture Bureau. Only dogs with valid immunization certificates can go to the urban management department to apply for a dog license. "

  The dog epidemic prevention staff of Hangzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau said that at present, there are 21 dog immunization spots in the main urban area of Hangzhou, including 7 government immunization spots and 14 designated animal clinics. In the past, the number of vaccination certificates in Hangzhou was about 40 per day, but now it has surged to at least 800.

  In the past week, Yunlai Pet Hospital has to handle more than 200 dogs’ injections during the peak period, and the hospital has only 9 staff members. "The hospital will also do free sterilization for stray cats, which is also designated by the government. Now that people are bringing cats, we can only let them come back in a few days because there is really no time for surgery. " Villi said.

  Zheng Wei, dean of Hangzhou Hongtai Pet Hospital, also said, "This week, the rabies vaccine in our hospital has also exploded. At most, 500 dogs are vaccinated every day, and there are more than 200 dogs every day in these two days."

  There are all dogs, large and small, who apply for the certificate.

  Most of them are first-time applicants.

  Qianbao reporter interviewed 11 dog owners randomly in Yunlai Pet Hospital, and 10 of them applied for canine immunization certificates for the first time.

  Xiao Yu, a Beijing Ba dog, is 4 years old and is raised by a couple of 40 years old. The male owner said that Xiao Yu didn’t have a dog license before, but he spent his own money to vaccinate in the pet shop every year. Only recently did he know that he could vaccinate at a fixed point for free.

  Aunt Li, who came from Daguan, held a "string" in her arms (commonly known as a hybrid dog of unknown breed). This dog aunt has been raised for more than 6 years. Yesterday, a family of three accompanied the puppy to get an injection and apply for a certificate. "If you don’t apply for a certificate now, I’m afraid I can’t raise it." Aunt Li said that there is nothing else, but it is not easy to arrange the dog walking time at 7 am and 7 pm. Dogs also need to bask in the sun, and our elderly people have bad legs and feet, which is really inconvenient.

  At 10 o’clock in the morning, two fashionable young men rushed to the hospital and asked if they could vaccinate an Alaskan dog and apply for an immunization certificate.

  Alaskan dogs are huge and stand up, half a head taller than adults. The hospital specially arranged an empty room for it, and the veterinarian completed the vaccination for it accompanied by the owner.

  Subsequently, the reporter from qianjiang evening news came to the canine immunization point of Gongshu District Animal Health Supervision Institute. Staff member Qin Xuefeng told reporters that there are now 120-130 dogs in the station every day, and basically 8 of the 10 vaccinated dogs are newly certified.

  Immunization card stock emergency has been printed.

  You can only give the number first for the time being.

  Dogs that have been vaccinated can apply for immunization certificates, but now many immunization points have run out of immunization certificates.

  Qin Xuefeng told Qianbao reporter: "At present, only Gongshu District and Xihu District have immunization certificates, and other immunization points have no certificates to issue." "The stock of immunization cards has been fully distributed, and now 12,000 immunization cards are being rushed. At present, we have negotiated with the urban management to issue the immunization card number to the dogs who come to fight rabies vaccine. " The dog epidemic prevention staff of Hangzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau said.

  Two weeks ago, Villi went to Hangzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau to get 1,000 immunization certificates. On Tuesday, Villi went to get another 100 certificates and 400 rabies vaccines, which were used up the next day. Villi said, "The 100 certificates we received are the last stock in Hangzhou. After use, the bureau gave 500 immunization card numbers. "

  The same situation also appeared in Yuhang District, Hangzhou. Qianbao reporter learned from Yuhang District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau that there are also shortages of immunization certificates in many towns and streets in Yuhang.

  depth

  Be careful when buying vaccines online to inject.

  In Yunlai Pet Hospital, Qianbao reporter met a lady with a small yellow book full of immunization records in her hand, asking if the dog that had just been vaccinated could be re-injected.

  The reporter of Qianbao took a closer look and found that there was no government signature and seal on the "vaccine book", which was made by a pet shop. The veterinarian on the side said that all the immunization records in the book were used to immunize dogs against infectious diseases, and there was no record of rabies vaccine injection.

  It turned out that this lady listened to the propaganda of the business and injected a bunch of so-called imported infectious disease vaccines into her dog, but she didn’t know that rabies vaccine was a compulsory vaccine in Hangzhou.

  "Generally speaking, the interval between dog vaccine injections is 15 days. In the past few days, we have encountered several pet owners who have just been vaccinated privately and have informal documents to apply for dog immunization certificates. According to state regulations, we will not handle such cases. " Villi said.

  "These unlicensed dogs usually go to pet stores and buy vaccines online for injection. Our animal husbandry and veterinary department cannot issue immunization certificates; The sales of rabies vaccines in these places are also illegal. If something goes wrong, consumers’ own rights and interests will not be guaranteed. " The dog epidemic prevention staff of Hangzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau reminded.

  be relevant

  76 people were bitten by stray dogs in downtown Wenzhou

  According to the police, this is a number of dog bites.

  As of press time, Wenzhou police have arrested seven suspicious stray dogs.

  Since November 16th, there have been many incidents of stray dogs wounding in Wenzhou city. According to the preliminary statistics of Wenzhou CDC, as of 8: 00 pm on November 17th, there were 76 people who were bitten by dogs in Wenzhou city, of which the youngest was only 2 years old and the oldest was 71 years old.

  Since the 16th, many citizens in Wenzhou City have been bitten. In these two days, the dog injury clinic in the emergency department of Wenzhou People’s Hospital ushered in the peak period of medical treatment. Lv Wang, the attending physician of the dog injury clinic in this hospital, said that from 12 noon on the 16th to 7 o’clock that night, nearly 30 patients came to the hospital one after another to get rabies vaccine, which was surprisingly high for the doctors in the dog clinic. From the day of 16th to the afternoon of 17th, Wenzhou People’s Hospital received 47 patients bitten by dogs.

  According to the doctor, the peak period of stray dogs’ injuries is generally concentrated in summer, and the hot weather leads to dogs’ bad temper. However, it is a bit unusual for so many stray dogs to concentrate on injuries in mid-November, which requires detailed investigation by relevant departments.

  According to the incomplete statistics of Wenzhou CDC, from 16th to last night, a total of 76 people in Wenzhou were bitten by stray dogs, mainly in Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Liuhongqiao Chinese Medicine Hospital and Nanbaixiang Community Service Center.

  The reporter from qianjiang evening news learned from the police in Ouhai and Lucheng that there have been many warnings of stray dogs injuring people in two days. According to the police, this concentrated outbreak of stray dogs was caused by multiple dog bites. As of press time, Wenzhou police have jointly arrested seven suspicious stray dogs with a professional search team, and the search on the road is still going on. The police also reminded citizens who adopt dogs that they should register with the relevant administrative departments and get vaccinated in time to reduce the incidents of stray dogs hurting people from the source.

  Our reporter Wang Zifang

  Our reporter Shi Wen

Global news: US economy soft landing is cloudy again, Nasdaq stops rising for seven consecutive days. Liu He talks with US Treasury Secretary Yellen

  On Wednesday, local time, the US stock market ended its previous continuous rebound trend, with the three major indexes all falling more than 1%, and the Nasdaq index stopped rising for seven consecutive days. Economic data show that inflation in the United States is indeed falling, but the fear of recession is endless, and the wave of layoffs of large technology companies continues, and the expectation that the US economy will enter recession is getting stronger and stronger.

  Specifically, the PPI in December increased by 6.2% year-on-year, the smallest increase since March 2021 and -0.5% quarter-on-quarter, the largest decline since April 2020, indicating that inflation is accelerating. At the same time, retail sales in the United States fell more than expected in December, down 1.1% from the previous month, the biggest drop in a year.

  The data shows that inflation is indeed easing, but it also proves that the Fed’s interest rate hike is already taking effect, and curbing demand also casts a shadow over the US economic outlook.

  Analysts pointed out that the economic data is good news for the Fed, and the slowdown in demand and producer inflation at the end of the year is a positive sign, indicating that the Fed’s aggressive interest rate hike policy has produced practical results in fighting inflation. However, the market is far from reflecting the coming recession, and it is currently in the transition period between the bear market driven by interest rates in 2022 and the bear market driven by poor corporate profitability in 2023.

  Overnight, a number of Fed officials put on hawks again, stressing that further interest rate hikes are still needed, and the market may gradually switch to a recession trading style.

  In important news, according to Xinhua News Agency, on the morning of January 18th, Vice Premier the State Council and Chinese leader of China-US Comprehensive Economic Dialogue Liu He held a half-day meeting with US Treasury Secretary Yellen in Zurich, Switzerland. The two sides conducted professional, in-depth, frank and pragmatic exchanges on the global and two countries’ macroeconomic and financial situation and coping with global common challenges around the implementation of the important consensus of the first meeting between China and the United States in Bali. The talks were constructive.

  In other news, Federal Reserve Chairman Powell tested positive for COVID-19 on Wednesday, and his symptoms are mild. He has been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine and booster shots. Powell is currently isolated at home and telecommuting.

  Microsoft will lay off 10,000 people by the end of the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. Amazon laid off 18,000 people from Wednesday, the largest in the company’s history. Bank of America plans to freeze most recruitment plans. Apple will expand its smart home product line and challenge Amazon and Google.

  [overnight U.S. stocks]

  Among the large Chinese stocks, Alibaba fell by 1.71%, Baidu by 3.60%, Netease by 0.63%, Tencent Music by 2.65% and Pinduoduo by 5.59%.

  Among the large American technology stocks, Apple fell 0.54%, Amazon fell 0.61%, Google A fell 0.19%, and Nye soared 0.03%.

  [global index]

  [global goods]

  The main contract of WTI crude oil closed at $79.41 per barrel, down 1.29%; The main contract of Brent crude oil closed at $84.64 per barrel, down 1.49%; The main contract of crude oil in the previous period closed at 554.40 yuan per barrel overnight, down 0.79%.

  Overnight, the Shanghai gold main contract closed down 0.26% to 418.34 yuan per gram; The main contract of Shanghai Bank closed down 1.87% to 5208.00 yuan per kilogram.

  [overnight news]

  Liu He talks with US Treasury Secretary Yellen. China welcomes Finance Minister Yellen to visit China at an appropriate time this year.

  According to Xinhua News Agency, the two sides believe that the world economic recovery is at a critical moment, and it is beneficial for China and the United States and the whole world to strengthen macro-policy communication and coordination and jointly meet challenges in economic and financial fields. The two sides discussed issues related to deepening cooperation in the macroeconomic and financial fields. The two sides recognized the importance of sustainable financial cooperation and agreed to strengthen cooperation under bilateral and multilateral frameworks such as the United Nations, G20 and APEC. The two sides agreed to continue to support green and low-carbon development and economic transformation in emerging markets and developing countries. China expressed its concern about the US economic, trade and technical policies towards China, and hoped that the US would pay attention to the impact of these policies on both sides.

  Inflation in the United States accelerated and fell. In December, PPI hit its smallest increase since March 2021.

  The PPI (producer price index) of the United States increased by 6.2% year-on-year in December, the smallest increase since March 2021, slower than the 7.4% in November and lower than the market expectation of 6.8%. In December, the PPI fell to -0.5% month-on-month, lower than the revised November data and lower than the market expectation of 0.1%, the biggest drop since April 2020. In December, the core PPI increased by 5.5% year-on-year, and it was 6.2% in November. The market expected 5.6%. The core PPI increased by 0.1% month-on-month, in line with expectations, lower than the 0.2% in November. The decline in PPI in December was driven by the sharp drop in commodity prices, especially energy and food prices, and the increase in service costs declined, up 0.1% from the previous month.

  Federal Reserve’s Beige Book: There was little growth in economic activity at the end of 2022, and the price increase in 2023 is expected to be moderate.

  According to the Beige Book, the economic activities of the Federal Reserve increased or declined slightly in most places, and only one Federal Reserve mentioned that the sharp decline in manufacturing led to the contraction of economic activities. Several local Federal Reserve said that the price increase slowed down, and retailers hinted that consumers were more sensitive to prices. It is widely expected that the price increase will be further moderate in the coming year. The job market is still tight, and the salary pressure continues to be high. Five local Federal Reserve Banks said that the pressure has slowed down to some extent.

  A number of Fed officials delivered hawkish speeches.

  In 2023, Logan, chairman of the FOMC voting committee and Dallas Fed, said that he supported the US to slow down the rate hike and the inflation level was too high, so it may be necessary to gradually raise interest rates until "convincing evidence" shows that the inflation rate is close to 2%. In 2023, the FOMC Voting Committee and Philadelphia Fed President Huck reiterated his support for raising interest rates by 25 basis points. He said that the Fed needs to raise interest rates above 5%. Cleveland Fed President Mester said that it is still necessary to raise interest rates further, and the policy interest rate should be "higher" than the range of 5%-5.25% predicted by policy makers at the end of 2023. St. Louis Fed President Brad said that even if inflation falls this year, the Fed will tend to keep interest rates at a high level to ensure that the task is completed and it can continue to shrink its balance sheet after stopping raising interest rates.

  European natural gas stocks hit a record high

  According to the data of European natural gas infrastructure, the inventory level of the whole EU has reached 81.07% of full load on January 17th, setting a new historical record, which is 40% higher than the average level in the last decade. Europe’s miraculous winter and record natural gas stocks have led the market to bet that the energy crisis is over.

  [company news]

  Microsoft officially announced that it will lay off 10 thousand employees, accounting for nearly 5% of the total number of employees

  On Wednesday, Microsoft and Amazon launched tens of thousands of layoffs. Microsoft officially announced that it will lay off 10,000 employees by March 31st, accounting for less than 5% of the total number of employees. Microsoft will account for $1.2 billion in expenditure in the second quarter, which will reduce its earnings per share by 12 cents. Amazon’s latest round of layoffs also began on Wednesday, which is part of its more than 18,000 layoffs announced in early January.

  More than 500 top advertisers have suspended their spending on Twitter since Musk entered Twitter.

  According to media quoted sources, a senior manager of Twitter revealed at an internal meeting a few days ago that since Tesla CEO Musk took over Twitter in October last year, more than 500 advertisers have suspended spending on Twitter. Siddharth Rao, the manager, also told employees that the company’s daily revenue decreased by 40% compared with the same period last year.

  Apple is said to expand its smart home product line to challenge Amazon and Google.

  According to media quoted sources, Apple is developing a series of devices aimed at challenging Amazon and Google’s position in the smart home market, including new display screens and faster TV set-top boxes. Earlier, Apple relaunched a larger HomePod speaker.

  Faraday will soar nearly 26% in the future.

  Faraday Future (FF) closed up 25.71% on Wednesday, after the company announced that it had signed a strategic agreement with Huanggang, Hubei Province, to move its FF China headquarters to Huanggang.

  [financial calendar]